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A bifid ureter originating from separate major calyx and renal pelvis with dual calyceal systems: a case report

Seu Y, Park HJ, Park JS, Moon Y, Kim H, Hur MS

Present case report describes a case of bifid ureter arising directly from separate calyces and renal pelvis of the kidney. Incomplete ureter duplication on the left side in a 78-year-old...
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A bilateral gastrocnemius tertius coexisting with a unilateral two-headed plantaris muscle

Tsakotos G, Triantafyllou G, Koutserimpas C, Piagkou M

The current cadaveric report aims to present a coexistence of two uncommon variants of the posterior leg compartment. The variations were detected, during classical dissection in an 84-year-old donated male...
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Complete transverse basilar cleft associated with hemifacial microsomia

Yurasakpong L, Suwannakhan A, Iwanaga J, Tubbs RS, Chaiyamoon A, Kruepunga N, Asuvapongpatana S, Sudsang T

Transverse basilar cleft (TBC) is an extremely rare variation of the clivus or the basilar part of the occipital bone. In this report, a unilateral transverse basilar fissure was found at...
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Middle meatal nasal recesses of the maxillary sinuses and dangerously modified nasal anatomy

Rusu MC, Mureşan AN, Dandoczi CA, Vrapciu AD

Pneumatisation of the maxillary sinus (MS) is variable. The archived cone-beam computed tomography file of a 54-year-old female was retrospectively evaluated anatomically. Nasal or retrobullar recesses of the MSs (NRMS)...
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Atlantooccipital assimilation associated with combined atlas arch defect: a radiological case report

Suwannakhan A, Trerattanavong P, Yurasakpong L, Kirisattayakul W, Kruepunga N, Tuntiseranee K, Rumpansuwon K, Senarai T

In this report, atlantooccipital assimilation (AS), anterior arch defect (AAD), and posterior arch defect (PAD) of the atlas, and several variations around the craniocervical junction were identified on computed tomography...
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Prevalence of anatomical variants in the branches of celiac and superior mesenteric arteries among Egyptians

Sheta AA

Celiac trunk and superior mesenteric artery (SMA) are the main blood supply to the liver and pancreas. The data of anatomical variations in these arteries or their branches are very...
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Variability in the projection level of the vertebra prominens: a cadaveric study

Totlis T, Sammer A, Piagkou M, Natsis K, Emfietzis PK, Karageorgos F, Tsakotos G, Triantafyllou G, Feigl G

The 7th cervical vertebra (C7) is described as having the most prominent spinous process (SP) and is characterized as the “vertebra prominens” (VP) of the cervical spine in anatomy textbooks....
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Aptamin C enhances anti-cancer activity NK cells through the activation of STAT3: a comparative study with vitamin C

Agura T, Shin S, Jo H, Jeong S, Ahn H, Pang SY, Lee J, Park JH, Kim Y, Kang JS

Vitamin C is a well-known antioxidant with antiviral, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory properties based on its antioxidative function. Aptamin C, a complex of vitamin C with its specific aptamer, has been...
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Reappraisal of anatomical diversity of lateral circumflex femoral artery with its substantial clinical applicability: cadaveric study

Chaudhary A, Patra A, Garg P

Studies reveal variations in the in the origin, number, and branching patterns of the lateral circumflex femoral artery (LCFA). The present study aimed to document such variations and their potential...
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Surgical anatomy of transversus abdominis muscle for transversus abdominis release

Shanthi P, Sam F, Jacob J, S BR, Rabi S

Transversus abdominis release (TAR) is a myofascial release technique which helps in surgical repair of large ventral abdominal wall defects. In this procedure, the medial margin of muscular part of...
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Alcohol intake during pregnancy reduces offspring bone epiphyseal growth plate chondrocyte proliferation through transforming growth factor β-1 inhibition in the Sprague Dawley rat humerus

Pillay D, Perry V, Ndou R

Intrauterine alcohol exposure delays bone maturation and intensifies osteoporosis and fracture risk. As most studies emphasize the neurological aspects of intrauterine alcohol exposure, there is a lack of research on...
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Challenging arterial pattern of foregut and its potential impact on surgery

Srimani P, Saha A

Anticipating a wide range of morphological variations of arterial anatomy of foregut derivatives beyond the classical pattern, a precise understanding is pertinent to preoperative diagnosis, operative procedure and to avoid...
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Honey and levodopa comparably preserved substantia nigra pars compacta neurons through the modulation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 signaling pathway in 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridineinduced Parkinson’s disease model

Sulaimon FA, Ibiyeye RY, Imam A, Oyewole AL, Imam AL, Shehu M, Biliaminu SA, Kadir RE, Omotoso GO, Ajao MS

Parkinson’s disease (PD) affects about 8.5 million individuals worldwide. Oxidative and inflammatory cascades are implicated in the neurological sequels, that are mostly unresolved in PD treatments. However, proper nutrition offers...
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Exploring the therapeutic potential: Apelin-13’s neuroprotective effects foster sustained functional motor recovery in a rat model of Huntington’s disease

Torkamani-Dordshaikh S, Darabi S, Norouzian M, Bahar R, Beirami A, Moghaddam MH, Fathi M, Vakili K, Tahmasebinia F, Bahrami M, Abbaszadeh HA, Aliaghaei A

Huntington’s disease (HD) is a hereditary condition considered by the progressive degeneration of nerve cells in the brain, resultant in motor dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Despite current treatment modalities including...
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Transplantation of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells optimized with IFN-γ is a potential procedure for modification of motor impairment in multiple sclerosis cases: a preclinical systematic review and metaanalysis study

Araghi MME, Abdolmaleki A, Ghaleh HEG, Kondori BJ, Alvanegh AG, Moghaddam MM, Anbaran SJHN

Stem cells transplantation (SCT) is known as a newfound strategy for multiple sclerosis (MS) treatment. Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (hUCMSCs) contain various regenerative features. Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)...
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Morphological aspects of small intestinal mucosal injury and repair after electron irradiation

Demyashkin G, Karakaeva E, Saakian S, Shchekin V, Elbuzdukaev E, Bamatgiraev U, Ashgalieva D, Evsultanova M, Kovalev D, Kabanova D, Shatunov O, Atiakshin D

Morphological evaluation of the small intestine mucosa and apoptosis activity (caspase-3) is necessary to assess the severity of damage to the small intestine. At the same time, proliferative index based...
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Development and cross-sectional morphology of the recurrent laryngeal nerves in human fetuses

Baratela MC, Mayer WP, Baptista JdS

The recurrent laryngeal nerve is a bilateral branch of the vagus nerve that is mainly associated with the motor innervation of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx. Despite its bilateral...
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Edible mushroom (Pleurotus cornucopiae) extract vs. glibenclamide on alloxan induced diabetes: sub-acute in vivo study of Nrf2 expression and renal toxicity

Uzomba CG, Ezemagu UK, Ofoegbu MS, Lydia N, Goodness E, Emelike C, Obinna U, Nwafor AJ, Mbajiorgu EF

The study aims to compare the action of Pleurotus cornucopiae and glibenclamide on alloxan-induced diabetes and ascertain how an aqueous extract of the edible mushroom regulates the expression of nuclear...
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