Korean J Anat.  1997 Aug;30(4):375-388.

Central Neural Pathway for the Rat Tongue

Abstract

Bartha strain of pseudorabies virus[PRV-Ba] was utilized as a tracer to identify the neuronal axis of rat tongue muscles ; intrinsic muscles and extrinsic muscles, styloglossus, genioglossus, and hyoglossus muscle. After injection of 10 microliter of PRV-Ba into tongue muscles and 48-96 hours survivals, rats were perfused with 4% paraformaldehyde lysine periodate and brains were removed. PRV-Ba were localized in neural circuits by immunohistochemistry employing rabbit anti PRV-Ba as a primary antibody and ABC method. Injection of PRV-Ba into the tongue muscles resulted in uptake and retrograde transport of PRV-Ba in the rat brain. The result showed a circuit specific connection of many nerve cell groups along the time sequence : PRV-Ba immunoreactive cells appeared in hypoglossal nucleus and motor trigeminal nucleus ipsilaterally as seen with conventional tracers. Raphe nucleus, prepositus hypoglossal nucleus, spinal trigeminal nucleus, Al, A5 and facial nucleus of rhombencephalon showed immunoreactivity bilaterally. There were positive neurons in parabrachial nucleus, locus ceruleus, mesencephalic trigeminal nucleus, periaqueductal gray and A7 of mesencephalon and paraventricular nucleus, suprachiasmatic nucleus, organum vasculosum of lamina terminalis of diencephalon. Also positive reactions were showed in amygdala, insular cortex, frontal cortex and subfornical organ in telencephalon. Early immunoreactivity was appeared in hypoglossal nucleus and motor trigeminal nucleus, and there were positive neurons in the nuclei of the medulla oblongate, midbrain, pons, hypothalamus, cerebellum and medial preoptic area at middle stage. Subsequently the viral antigens were found in forebrain cell groups, paraventricular nuclei, suprachiasmatic nucleus, lateral hypothalamic area and primary motor cortex in frontal lobe bilaterally at 80-90hrs postinjection. These data demonstrate that the PRV-Ba can across synapses in the central nervous system with projection specific pattern, and this virus defines many elements of the neural network governing tongue. Therefore PRV-Ba are proved as a excellent neurotracer in the tract-tracing researches.

Keyword

Pseudoradies virus; Tongue muscles; Innervation; Pseudorabies virus[PRN-Ba]

MeSH Terms

Amygdala
Animals
Antigens, Viral
Axis, Cervical Vertebra
Brain
Central Nervous System
Cerebellum
Diencephalon
Frontal Lobe
Hypothalamic Area, Lateral
Hypothalamus
Immunohistochemistry
Locus Coeruleus
Lysine
Mesencephalon
Motor Cortex
Muscles
Neural Pathways*
Neurons
Paraventricular Hypothalamic Nucleus
Periaqueductal Gray
Pons
Preoptic Area
Prosencephalon
Pseudorabies
Raphe Nuclei
Rats*
Rhombencephalon
Subfornical Organ
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus
Synapses
Telencephalon
Tongue*
Trigeminal Nuclei
Trigeminal Nucleus, Spinal
Antigens, Viral
Lysine
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