Biomol Ther.  2013 Jul;21(4):270-276.

Fucoxanthin Protects Cultured Human Keratinocytes against Oxidative Stress by Blocking Free Radicals and Inhibiting Apoptosis

• Zheng J
• Piao MJ
• Keum YS
• Kim HS
• Hyun JW

Abstract

Fucoxanthin is an important carotenoid derived from edible brown seaweeds and is used in indigenous herbal medicines. The aim of the present study was to examine the cytoprotective effects of fucoxanthin against hydrogen peroxide-induced cell damage. Fucoxanthin decreased the level of intracellular reactive oxygen species, as assessed by fluorescence spectrometry performed after staining cultured human HaCaT keratinocytes with 2',7'-dichlorodihydrofl uorescein diacetate. In addition, electron spin resonance spectrometry showed that fucoxanthin scavenged hydroxyl radical generated by the Fenton reaction in a cell-free system. Fucoxanthin also inhibited comet tail formation and phospho-histone H2A.X expression, suggesting that it prevents hydrogen peroxide-induced cellular DNA damage. Furthermore, the compound reduced the number of apoptotic bodies stained with Hoechst 33342, indicating that it protected keratinocytes against hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptotic cell death. Finally, fucoxanthin prevented the loss of mitochondrial membrane potential. These protective actions were accompanied by the down-regulation of apoptosis-promoting mediators (i.e., B-cell lymphoma-2-associated x protein, caspase-9, and caspase-3) and the up-regulation of an apoptosis inhibitor (B-cell lymphoma-2). Taken together, the results of this study suggest that fucoxanthin defends keratinocytes against oxidative damage by scavenging ROS and inhibiting apoptosis.

Keyword

Fucoxanthin; Carotenoid; Human keratinocyte; Oxidative stress; Apoptosis

MeSH Terms

Apoptosis*
B-Lymphocytes
Caspase 9
Cell Death
Cell-Free System
DNA Damage
Down-Regulation
Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy
Free Radicals*
Humans*
Hydrogen
Hydroxyl Radical
Keratinocytes*
Membrane Potential, Mitochondrial
Oxidative Stress*
Reactive Oxygen Species
Spectrometry, Fluorescence
Spectrum Analysis
Up-Regulation
Caspase 9
Free Radicals
Hydrogen
Hydroxyl Radical
Reactive Oxygen Species