Endocrinol Metab.  2014 Dec;29(4):435-440. 10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.435.

Roles of Protein Arginine Methyltransferases in the Control of Glucose Metabolism

• Han HS
• Choi D
• Choi S
• Koo SH

• KMID: 2384238
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3803/EnM.2014.29.4.435

Abstract

Glucose homeostasis is tightly controlled by the regulation of glucose production in the liver and glucose uptake into peripheral tissues, such as skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. Under prolonged fasting, hepatic gluconeogenesis is mainly responsible for glucose production in the liver, which is essential for tissues, organs, and cells, such as skeletal muscle, the brain, and red blood cells. Hepatic gluconeogenesis is controlled in part by the concerted actions of transcriptional regulators. Fasting signals are relayed by various intracellular enzymes, such as kinases, phosphatases, acetyltransferases, and deacetylases, which affect the transcriptional activity of transcription factors and transcriptional coactivators for gluconeogenic genes. Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) were recently added to the list of enzymes that are critical for regulating transcription in hepatic gluconeogenesis. In this review, we briefly discuss general aspects of PRMTs in the control of transcription. More specifically, we summarize the roles of four PRMTs: PRMT1, PRMT 4, PRMT 5, and PRMT 6, in the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis through specific regulation of FoxO1- and CREB-dependent transcriptional events.

Keyword

Protein-arginine N-methyltransferases; Glucose metabolism; Liver

MeSH Terms

Acetyltransferases
Adipose Tissue
Arginine*
Brain
Erythrocytes
Fasting
Gluconeogenesis
Glucose*
Homeostasis
Liver
Metabolism*
Methyltransferases*
Muscle, Skeletal
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Phosphotransferases
Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases
Transcription Factors
Acetyltransferases
Arginine
Glucose
Methyltransferases
Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases
Phosphotransferases
Protein-Arginine N-Methyltransferases
Transcription Factors

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 A model for the control of hepatic gluconeogenesis by protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs). The roles of PRMT1, PRMT4, PRMT5, and PRMT6 in controlling transcriptional activation of gluconeogenic genes and hepatic gluconeogenesis are shown. See the text for detailed information. CRTC2, CREB regulated transcription coactivator 2; FOXO1, forkhead box protein O1; CBP, CREB binding protein; CREB, cAMP response element-binding protein; PGC-1a, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator 1α; G6Pase, glucose 6-phosphatase; PEPCK, phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.

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