Yeungnam Univ J Med.  2012 Dec;29(2):96-101. 10.12701/yujm.2012.29.2.96.

Long-Term Complete Remission in an Acute Myeloid Leukemia Patient with Isolated Central Nervous System Relapse after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation

• Kim MJ
• Ko SA
• Jang HJ
• Jeong DE
• Park JM
• Lee KH
• Kim MK
• Bae YK
• Hyun MS

• KMID: 2049805
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.12701/yujm.2012.29.2.96

Abstract

Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is considered the optimal curative treatment for acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but some patients develop bone marrow relapse due to remnant leukemia, and few patients develop extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. Isolated extramedullary relapse (IMER) is defined as extramedullary relapse without bone marrow relapse. IMER has been reported in various sites, including the skin, soft tissue, and central nervous system(CNS). Isolated CNS relapse is relatively rare and is associated with poor prognosis due to the absence of an optimal treatment for it. Reported herein is a case involving an adult AML woman who suffered from isolated extramedullary relapse in the CNS after allogeneic HSCT. She was treated with intrathecal chemotherapy and whole-brain and spine radiotherapy, followed by systemic chemotherapy. She is currently well, with no evidence of leukemia recurrence for over six years.

Keyword

Meningeal carcinomatosis; Leukemia; Central nervous system; Bone marrow transplantation

MeSH Terms

Adult
Bone Marrow
Bone Marrow Transplantation
Central Nervous System
Female
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Hematopoietic Stem Cells
Humans
Leukemia
Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute
Meningeal Carcinomatosis
Prognosis
Recurrence
Skin
Spine