Nutr Res Pract.  2018 Aug;12(4):275-282. 10.4162/nrp.2018.12.4.275.

Effect of isoflavone-enriched whole soy milk powder supplementation on bone metabolism in ovariectomized mice

• Kim SM
• Lee HS
• Jung JI
• Lim SM
• Lim JH
• Ha WH
• Jeon CL
• Lee JY
• Kim EJ

• KMID: 2420992
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2018.12.4.275

Abstract

BACKGROUND
/OBJECTIVE: There is intense interest in soy isoflavone as a hormone replacement therapy for the prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis. A new kind of isoflavone-enriched whole soy milk powder (I-WSM) containing more isoflavones than conventional whole soy milk powder was recently developed. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of I-WSM on bone metabolism in ovariectomized mice.
MATERIALS/METHODS
Sixty female ICR mice individually underwent ovariectomy (OVX) or a sham operation, and were randomized into six groups of 10 animals each as follows: Sham, OVX, OVX with 2% I-WSM diet, OVX with 10% I-WSM diet, OVX with 20% I-WSM diet, and OVX with 20% WSM diet. After an 8-week treatment period, bone mineral density (BMD), calcium, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5b, osteocalcin (OC), procollagen 1 N-terminal propeptide (P1NP), and osteoprotegenin (OPG) were analyzed.
RESULTS
BMD was significantly lower in the OVX group compared to the Sham group but was significantly higher in OVX + 10% I-WSM and OVX + 20% I-WSM groups compared to the OVX group (P < 0.05). Serum calcium concentration significantly increased in the OVX + 10% and 20% I-WSM groups. Serum ALP levels were significantly lower in the OVX + 10% and 20% I-WSM groups compared to the other experimental groups (P < 0.05). OC was significantly reduced in the OVX group compared to the Sham group (P < 0.05), but a dose-dependent increase was observed in the OVX groups supplemented with I-WSM. P1NP and OPG levels were significantly reduced, while TRAP 5b level was significantly elevated in the OVX group compared with the Sham group, which was not affected by I-WSM (P < 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
This study suggests that I-WSM supplementation in OVX mice has the effect of preventing BMD reduction and promoting bone formation. Therefore, I-WSM can be used as an effective alternative to postmenopausal osteoporosis prevention.

Keyword

Functional food; soybeans; isoflavones; ovariectomy; bone remodeling

MeSH Terms

Acid Phosphatase
Alkaline Phosphatase
Animals
Bone Density
Bone Remodeling
Calcium
Diet
Female
Functional Food
Hormone Replacement Therapy
Humans
Isoflavones
Metabolism*
Mice*
Mice, Inbred ICR
Osteocalcin
Osteogenesis
Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal
Ovariectomy
Procollagen
Soy Milk*
Soybeans
Acid Phosphatase
Alkaline Phosphatase
Calcium
Isoflavones
Osteocalcin
Procollagen

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Experimental design. Sham, sham-operated; OVX, ovariectomized; I-WSM, isoflavone-enriched whole soy milk powder diet; WSM, whole soy milk powder. The mice were allocated to six different treatment groups.

• 

  Fig. 2 Effects of isoflavone-enriched whole soy milk powder on femur bone morphology in ovariectomized mice. (A) G1: The femur in mice of the Sham group. (B) G2: The femur in mice of the OVX group. (C) G3: The femur in mice of the OVX + 2% I-WSM group. (D) G4: The femur in mice of the OVX + 10% I-WSM group. (E) G5: The femur in mice of the OVX + 20% I-WSM group. (E) G6: The femur in mice of the OVX + 20% WSM group. All pictures were stained with H & E and examined under x40 magnification.

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