Immune Netw.  2018 Feb;18(1):e8. 10.4110/in.2018.18.e8.

Regulation of Osteoclast Differentiation by Cytokine Networks

• Amarasekara DS
• Yun H
• Kim S
• Lee N
• Kim H
• Rho J

• KMID: 2404891
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2018.18.e8

Abstract

Cytokines play a pivotal role in maintaining bone homeostasis. Osteoclasts (OCs), the sole bone resorbing cells, are regulated by numerous cytokines. Macrophage colony-stimulating factor and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand play a central role in OC differentiation, which is also termed osteoclastogenesis. Osteoclastogenic cytokines, including tumor necrosis factor-α, IL-1, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-11, IL-15, IL-17, IL-23, and IL-34, promote OC differentiation, whereas anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines, including interferon (IFN)-α, IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-3, IL-4, IL-10, IL-12, IL-27, and IL-33, downregulate OC differentiation. Therefore, dynamic regulation of osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic cytokines is important in maintaining the balance between bone-resorbing OCs and bone-forming osteoblasts (OBs), which eventually affects bone integrity. This review outlines the osteoclastogenic and anti-osteoclastogenic properties of cytokines with regard to osteoimmunology, and summarizes our current understanding of the roles these cytokines play in osteoclastogenesis.

Keyword

Cytokines; Osteoclast differentiation factor; Osteoclastogenesis; Osteoimmunology

MeSH Terms

Cytokines
Homeostasis
Interferons
Interleukin-1
Interleukin-10
Interleukin-11
Interleukin-12
Interleukin-15
Interleukin-17
Interleukin-23
Interleukin-27
Interleukin-3
Interleukin-33
Interleukin-4
Interleukin-6
Interleukin-7
Interleukin-8
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
Necrosis
Osteoblasts
Osteoclasts*
RANK Ligand
Cytokines
Interferons
Interleukin-1
Interleukin-10
Interleukin-11
Interleukin-12
Interleukin-15
Interleukin-17
Interleukin-23
Interleukin-3
Interleukin-33
Interleukin-4
Interleukin-6
Interleukin-7
Interleukin-8
Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor
RANK Ligand