Fluoxetine Up-Regulates Bcl-xL Expression in Rat C6 Glioma Cells

Choi, Mi Ran; Oh, Dong Hoon; Kim, Seok Hyeon; Yang, Byung Hwan; Lee, Jun Seok; Choi, Joonho; Jeon, Hyun Soo; Chai, Young Gyu; Park, Yong Chon

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
To analyze both differentially expressed genes and the Bcl-xL protein expression after acute and chronic treatment with fluoxetine in rat C6 glioma cells.
METHODS
C6 glioma cells were cultured for 24 h or 72 h after treatment with 10 microM fluoxetine, and gene expression patterns were observed using microarray and qRT-PCR. Then, cells were cultured for 6 h, 24 h, 72 h or 96 h after treatment with 10 microM fluoxetine, and the expression of Bcl-xL protein was measured using western blot.
RESULTS
As determined by microarray, treatment with fluoxetine for 24 h up-regulated 33 genes (including Bcl-xL and NCAM140) and down-regulated 7 genes (including cyclin G-associated kinase). Treatment with fluoxetine for 72 h up-regulated 53 genes (including Gsalpha and Bcl-xL) and down-regulated 77 genes (including Galphai2 and annexin V). Based on the qRT-PCR results, there was an increase in Gsalpha mRNA and a decrease in Galphai2 mRNA at 72 h in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, a result that was consistent with microarray. We also observed an increase in Bcl-xL mRNA (both at 24 h and at 72 h) in fluoxetine-treated cells as compared to control, demonstrating a tendency to increase gradually. Bcl-xL protein expression increased as the duration of fluoxetine treatment increased.
CONCLUSION
These results suggest that chronic treatment with fluoxetine not only initiates the cAMP pathway through inducing Gsalpha expression but also induces Bcl-xL expression, thus inhibiting apoptosis.