Chondrogenesis of Mesenchymal Stem Cell Derived from Canine Adipose Tissue

Lee, Byung Joo; Seo, Cheol Ju; Lee, Jin Choon; Wang, Soo Geun; Jung, Jin Sup; Lee, Ryang Hwa

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Cartilage reconstruction is one of the important medical issues studied in otolaryngology today. Tissue engineering is presently being utilized in parts of cartilage repair. Sources of cells for tissue engineering are chondrocytes from mature cartilage and bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells that are able to differentiate into chondrocytes. Recent studies have shown that adipose tissue have mesenchymal stem cells which can differentiate into adipogenic, chondrogenic myogenic, osteogenic cells and neural cells in vitro. In this study, we have examined chondrogenic potential of the canine adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stem cell (ATSC). MATERIALS AND METHOD: We harvested canine adipose tissue from the inguinal area. ATSCs were enzymatically released from canine adipose tissue. Under appropriate culture conditions, ATSCs were induced to differentiate into chondrocyte lineages using micromass culture technique. We used immunostain to type II collagen and toluidine blue stain to confirm chondrogenic differentiation of ATSCs. RESULTS: We could isolate ATSCs from canine adipose tissue. ATSCs expressed CD29 and CD44 which are specific surface markers of mesenchymal stem cell. ATSCs differentiated into micromass that has positive response to immunostain of type II collagen and toluidine blue stain. CONCLUSION: In vitro, ATSCs differentiated into cells that have characteristic cartilage matrix molecules in the presence of lineage-specific induction factors. Adipose tissue may represent an alternative source to bone marrow-derived MSCs.