J Korean Pediatr Soc.  1998 Sep;41(9):1198-1209.

Delayed Cerebral Energy Failure After Acute Hypoxia-Ischemia in Neworn Piglet Under 48hours of Continuous Monitoring Using Near-Infrared Spectroscopy

• Chang YS
• Park WS
• Lee M
• Kim KS
• Shin SM
• Choi JH

Abstract

PURPOSE: To test the hemodynamic and biochemical sequences of secondary cerebral energy failure after acute reversed hypoxic ischemic brain insult (HI) can be reproduced in newborn piglets.
METHODS
Fifteen anesthetized, ventilated newborn piglet (<3 day) were studied. Eight (HI) were induced transient HI by breathing 8% oxygen and complete occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries for 30 minutes followed by reoxygenation and reperfusion. Seven (control) were given a sham operation. Both groups were maintained for 48 hours with intensive care and monitoring of cerbral hemodynamics and [delta Cyt aa3] using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). Finally, brain cortex was harvested and determined activities of Na+, K+/-ATPase, level of conjugated dienes, ATP and phosphocreatine (PCr) biochemically.
RESULTS
No changes took place in the 48-hour control group. In HI group, PaO2, pH, and MABP decreased, and heart rate, glucose, lactate level in blood and lactate level in CSF increased during acute HI. These variables subsequently returned to normal with time. In continuous NIRS monitoring, [delta Cyt aa3] were not changed in the control group. But in HI group [delta Cyt aa3] decreased significantly in acute HI and then normalized with resuscitation but gradually decreased and was significantly lower than control group at 48 hours. Cerebral Na+, K+/- ATPase activity and ATP, PCr level of experimental group significantly decreased compared to control group. Cerebral level of conjugated dienes were not significantly different between both group.
CONCLUSION
We successfully reproduced secondary cerebral energy failure after acute HI in thenewborn piglet and this animal model may be useful for testing cerebroprotective strategies.

Keyword

Perinatal asphyxia; Newborn; Animal; Near infrared spectroscopy; Hypoxia; Ischemia

MeSH Terms

Adenosine Triphosphatases
Adenosine Triphosphate
Animals
Anoxia
Brain
Carotid Artery, Common
Glucose
Heart Rate
Hemodynamics
Humans
Hydrogen-Ion Concentration
Infant, Newborn
Critical Care
Ischemia
Lactic Acid
Models, Animal
Oxygen
Phosphocreatine
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Reperfusion
Respiration
Resuscitation
Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared*
Spectrum Analysis
Adenosine Triphosphatases
Adenosine Triphosphate
Glucose
Lactic Acid
Oxygen
Phosphocreatine