J Neurogastroenterol Motil.  2018 Jul;24(3):415-421. 10.5056/jnm17114.

Cytokine Profile and Immunoglobulin E-mediated Serological Food Hypersensitivity in Patients With Irritable Bowel Syndrome With Diarrhea

• Katsumata
• Ishii M
• Lee S
• Handa Y
• Murao T
• Fujita M
• Matsumoto
• Otsuki T
• Shiotani A

• KMID: 2417386
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5056/jnm17114

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
Food interaction, including food hypersensitivity, plays a key role in the pathogenesis of irritable bowel syndrome with diarrhea (IBS-D). Since only a few studies have been reported about the relationship between food hypersensitivity and IBS-D, we elucidate the prevalence of serological food hypersensitivity in patients with IBS-D and the characteristics of gastrointestinal symptoms and serum cytokine profiles in patients with IBS-D and serological food hypersensitivity.
METHODS
Immunoglobulin E (Ig E)-mediated serological food hypersensitivity and serum cytokine levels were evaluated using the multiple allergen simultaneous test evaluating food allergen-specific serum IgE and Luminex Milliplex Panel containing multiple fluorescence-labeled beads. Class 2 or above was considered as IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity positive. The gastrointestinal symptom rating scale was used to evaluate symptoms.
RESULTS
We enrolled 92 subjects, including 60 with IBS-D and 32 healthy controls. The percentages of patients with IgE-mediated serological food hypersensitivity were not significantly different between the groups (controls = 28.1% and IBS-D = 33.3%). Serum IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha, and TNF-α levels were higher in patients with IBS-D than in controls. Serum concentration of TNF-α (43.4 vs 21.8 pg/mL, P = 0.009) was higher in patients with IBS-D without IgE-mediated serological food hypersensitivity than those with food hypersensitivity.
CONCLUSIONS
One-third of Japanese patients with IBS-D showed IgE-mediated serological food hypersensitivity. The serum cytokine profile differed and was characterized by lower inflammatory cytokine levels in IBS-D with IgE-mediated serological food hypersensitivity. Serological test regarding IgE-mediated food hypersensitivity can detect a certain cluster of IBS-D.

Keyword

Cytokines; Food hypersensitivity; Inflammation; Irritable bowel syndrome; Tumor necrosis factor-alpha

MeSH Terms

Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Cytokines
Diarrhea*
Food Hypersensitivity*
Food-Drug Interactions
Humans
Immunoglobulin E
Immunoglobulins*
Inflammation
Interleukin-6
Interleukin-8
Irritable Bowel Syndrome*
Macrophages
Prevalence
Serologic Tests
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Cytokines
Immunoglobulin E
Immunoglobulins
Interleukin-6
Interleukin-8
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha