Yonsei Med J.  2018 May;59(3):416-424. 10.3349/ymj.2018.59.3.416.

MiR-212 Attenuates MPP+-Induced Neuronal Damage by Targeting KLF4 in SH-SY5Y Cells

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine-Neurology, Hua Mei Branch of the Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, China. chenxiaoweicxww@163.com

Abstract

PURPOSE
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common age-dependent neurodegenerative disease. MiR-212 has been demonstrated to exert protective effects in several neurological disorders. The present study aimed to investigate the role and underlying molecular mechanism of miR-212 in PD.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+)-induced SH-SY5Y cells were applied as a PD model in vitro. RTqPCR was used to measure the expression of miR-212 and Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) mRNA. Western blot analysis was performed to detect the protein levels of KLF4, Notch1 and Jagged1. Cell viability and apoptosis were determined by the Cell Counting Kit-8 and flow cytometry, respectively. Quantitative analysis of caspase-3 activity, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), reactive oxygen species (ROS), superoxide dismutase (SOD), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β) was conducted with corresponding ELISA kits. Dual-luciferase reporter assay was employed to evaluate the relationship between miR-212 and KLF4.
RESULTS
MiR-212 was downregulated in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. Also, miR-212 alleviated MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cell damage, embodied by increased cell viability, decreased caspase-3 activity, LDH release, ROS production, TNF-α, and IL-1β expression, as well as elevated SOD levels. KLF4 was a direct target of miR-212, and miR-212 repressed KLF4 expression in a post-transcriptional manner. Moreover, miR-212-mediated protection effects were abated following KLF4 expression restoration in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells, represented as lowered cell viability and enhanced apoptotic rate. Furthermore, Notch signaling was involved in the regulation of miR-212/KLF4 axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells.
CONCLUSION
miR-212 might attenuate MPP+-induced neuronal damage by regulating KLF4/Notch signaling pathway in SH-SY5Y cells, a promising target for PD therapy.

Keyword

Parkinson's disease; miR-212; KLF4; Notch signaling pathway; SH-SY5Y cells

MeSH Terms

1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
Apoptosis
Blotting, Western
Caspase 3
Cell Count
Cell Survival
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Flow Cytometry
In Vitro Techniques
Interleukin-1beta
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
Necrosis
Nervous System Diseases
Neurodegenerative Diseases
Neurons*
Parkinson Disease
Reactive Oxygen Species
RNA, Messenger
Superoxide Dismutase
1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium
Caspase 3
Interleukin-1beta
L-Lactate Dehydrogenase
RNA, Messenger
Reactive Oxygen Species
Superoxide Dismutase

Figure

  • Fig. 1 MiR-212 attenuates MPP+-induced suppression of the viability of SH-SY5Y cells. (A) SH-SY5Y cells were treated with 2 mM of MPP+ for 12 h, and then RT-qPCR assay was performed to assess miR-212 expression patterns. (B) The expression levels of miR-212 were detected in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-212 mimics or anti-miR-212. (C-F) SH-SY5Y transfected with miR-212 mimics or anti-miR-212 were treated with various concentrations (0, 1, 2, and 4 mM) of MPP+ for 24 h or with 2 mM of MPP+ for different times (0, 6, 12, and 24 h), followed by the detection of cell viability using CCK-8 at optical density 450 nm. *p<0.05 vs. negative control.

  • Fig. 2 MiR-212 ameliorates MPP+-induced damage of SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-212 mimics or anti-miR-212 were treated with or without 2 mM MPP+ for 24 h, followed by ELISA assays of caspase-3 activity (A), LDH release (B), SOD level (C), ROS production (D), TNF-α expression (E), and IL-1β secretion (F). *p<0.05 vs. corresponding control. LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; SOD, superoxide dismutase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; TNF-α, tumor necrosis factor-α; IL-1β, interleukin-1 beta.

  • Fig. 3 KLF4 is a direct target of miR-212 in SH-SY5Y cells. (A) Sequence alignment between miR-212 and the 3′-UTR of KLF4. (B) Luciferase reporter assay was performed in SH-SY5Y cells after transfection with KLF4-WT or KLF4-Mu together with miR-212 mimics or anti-miR-212. SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with miR-212 mimics or anti-miR-212, followed by the measurement of KLF4 mRNA (C) and protein (D). p<0.05 vs. control. KLF4, Kruppel-like factor 4; 3′UTR, 3′-untranslated region; KLF4-WT, wild-type KLF4 reporter vector; KLF4-Mu, mutant-type KLF4 reporter vector; mRNA, messenger RNA.

  • Fig. 4 MiR-212-mediated protection effect is abated following KLF4 expression restoration in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. SH-SY5Y cells transfected with si-NC, si-KLF4, control, or KLF4 were stimulated with 2 mM MPP+ for 24 h, followed by the detection of KLF4 protein (A), cell viability (B), and apoptosis (C and D). SH-SY5Y cells were transfected with miR-212 mimics alone or in combination with KLF4 prior to treatment with MPP+, followed by the analysis of KLF4 protein (E), cell viability (F), and apoptosis (G and H). *p<0.05 vs. corresponding control. KLF4, Kruppel-like factor 4.

  • Fig. 5 Notch signaling pathway is involved in the regulation of miR-212/KLF4 axis in MPP+-induced SH-SY5Y cells. (A) Western blot assay of Notch1 and Jagged1 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with si-NC or si-KLF4 under MPP+ treatment. (B) Western blot analysis of Notch1 and Jagged1 proteins in SH-SY5Y cells transfected with control or KLF4 with the treatment of MPP+. (C and D) SH-SY5Y cells transfected with miR-212 mimics alone, or together with KLF4 prior to the treatment of MPP+, followed by the detection of KLF4, Notch1 and Jagged1 proteins expression. β-actin was used as the internal reference. *p<0.05 vs. respective control. KLF4, Kruppel-like factor 4.


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