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Neuroprotective effects of urolithin A on Hâ‚‚Oâ‚‚-induced oxidative stress-mediated apoptosis in SK-N-MC cells

Kim KB, Lee S, Kim JH

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Oxidative stress causes cell damage and death, which contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Urolithin A (UA), a gut microbial-derived metabolite of ellagitannins and ellagic acid, has high...
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β-Sitosterol treatment attenuates cognitive deficits and prevents amyloid plaque deposition in amyloid protein precursor/presenilin 1 mice

Ye JY, Li L, Hao QM, Qin Y, Ma CS

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder causing dementia worldwide, and is mainly characterized by aggregated β-amyloid (Aβ). Increasing evidence has shown that plant extracts have the potential...
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Inhibitory effect of carvacrol on lipopolysaccharide-induced memory impairment in rats

Lee B, Yeom M, Shim I, Lee H, Hahm DH

Neuroinflammation is an important process underlying a wide variety of neurodegenerative diseases. Carvacrol (CAR) is a phenolic monoterpene commonly used as a food additive due to its antibacterial properties, but...
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The Prevalence of Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Behavior Disorder in Amyloid Positron Emission Tomography Positive Alzheimer's Disease

Kim HS, Lee HJ, Shin DJ, Lee YB, Noh Y, Park KH

OBJECTIVES: Rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is well known as a prodromal symptom of neurodegenerative disease, especially α-synucleinopathy. In the previous literature, it has been reported the...
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Clinical and genetic characteristics of Korean patients with IARS2-related disorders

Lee JS, Kim MJ, Kim SY, Lim BC, Kim KJ, Choi M, Seong MW, Chae JH

PURPOSE: Genetic defects in the nuclear-encoded mitochondrial aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases were first identified as causes of various disorders in 2007. Variants in IARS2, which encodes a mitochondrial isoleucyl-tRNA synthetase, were first...
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Autophagy, Cellular Aging and Age-related Human Diseases

Cheon SY, Kim H, Rubinsztein DC, Lee JE

Macroautophagy/autophagy is a conserved degradation system that engulfs intracytoplasmic contents, including aggregated proteins and organelles, which is crucial for cellular homeostasis. During aging, cellular factors suggested as the cause of...
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Big data differential analysis of microglial cell responses in neurodegenerative diseases

Tabassum R, Jeong NY, Chung HJ

Microarray technology has become an indispensable tool for monitoring the levels of gene expression in a given organism through organization, analysis, interpretation, and utilization of biological sequences. Importantly, preliminary microarray...
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Benefits of hesperidin in central nervous system disorders: a review

Kim J, Wie MB, Ahn M, Tanaka A, Matsuda H, Shin T

Citrus species contain significant amounts of flavonoids that possess antioxidant activities; furthermore, dietary citrus is not associated with adverse effects or cytotoxicity in healthy individuals. Hesperidin, which is an abundant...
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Neuregulin-1 Protects Neuronal Cells Against Damage due to CoCl2-Induced Hypoxia by Suppressing Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1α and P53 in SH-SY5Y Cells

Yoo SY, Yoo JY, Kim HB, Baik TK, Lee JH, Woo RS

PURPOSE: Hypoxia-mediated neurotoxicity contributes to various neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer disease. Neuregulin-1 (NRG1) plays an important role in the development and plasticity of the brain. The aim of the present...
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Exercise and Neuroinflammation in Health and Disease

Seo DY, Heo JW, Ko JR, Kwak HB

Neuroinflammation is a central pathological feature of several acute and chronic brain diseases, including Alzheimer disease (AD), Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and multiple sclerosis (MS). It induces...
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Cellular and Molecular Mediators of Neuroinflammation in Alzheimer Disease

Yang SH

Alzheimer disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of neuronal cells and the progressive decline of cognitive function. The major pathological culprit of AD is aggregation of...
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Pharmacological Treatment in Parkinson's Disease

Lee JJ

Parkinson's disease is one of the most common neurodegenerative disorders world widely. Although curable therapies are practically not available yet, symptomatic managements using anti-Parkinson medications have shown to be quite...
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Etoposide Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Cellular Senescence in Primary Cultured Rat Astrocytes

Bang M, Kim DG, Gonzales E, Kwon KJ, Shin CY

Brain aging is an inevitable process characterized by structural and functional changes and is a major risk factor for neurodegenerative diseases. Most brain aging studies are focused on neurons and...
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Resveratrol modulates the Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway in a middle cerebral artery occlusion animal model

Park DJ, Kang JB, Shah FA, Koh PO

Cerebral ischemia is a major cause of neurodegenerative disease. It induces neuronal vulnerability and susceptibility, and leads to neuronal cell death. Resveratrol is a polyphenolic compound that acts as an...
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Safety and Biodistribution of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Injected Intrathecally in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodefi ciency Mice: Preclinical Study

Quesada MP, García-Bernal D, Pastor D, Estirado A, Blanquer M, García-Hernández AM, Moraleda J, Martínez

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, and have been tested in neurodegenerative diseases resulting in meaningful clinical improvements. Regulatory guidelines specify the need to perform...
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Cholesterol Metabolism in the Brain and Its Association with Parkinson's Disease

Jin U, Park SJ, Park SM

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the aging population after Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Defects in the lysosomal systems and mitochondria have been suspected to cause...
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Targeting Microglial and Neuronal Toll-like Receptor 2 in Synucleinopathies

Kwon S, Iba M, Masliah E, Kim C

Synucleinopathies are neurodegenerative disorders characterized by the progressive accumulation of α-synuclein (α-syn) in neurons and glia and include Parkinson's disease (PD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). In this review,...
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Intrafamilial variability and clinical heterogeneity in a family with PLA2G6-associated neurodegeneration

Park JK, Youn J, Cho JW

Phospholipase A2 group VI (PLA2G6)-associated neurodegeneration (PLAN) is an autosomal recessive neurodegenerative disease with a wide clinical spectrum; however, the genotype-phenotype correlation is unknown. Here, we report different phenotypes in...
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Increased Signal in the Superior Cerebellar Peduncle of Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy

Kataoka H, Nishimori , Kiriyama T, Nanaura H, Izumi T, Eura N, Iwasa N, Sugie K

OBJECTIVE: The provisional diagnosis of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) depends on a combination of typical clinical features and specific MRI findings, such as atrophy of the tegmentum in the midbrain....
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Modeling α-Synuclein Propagation with Preformed Fibril Injections

Chung HK, Ho HA, Pérez-Acuña D, Lee SJ

The aggregation of α-synuclein (α-syn) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of many neurodegenerative disorders, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Postmortem...
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