J Korean Acad Prosthodont.  2008 Dec;46(6):620-627.

Cellular responses on anodized titanium discs coated with 1 alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 incorporated Poly(D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles

• Cho YJ
• Heo SJ
• Koak JY
• Kim SK
• Lee JH

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: A biochemical approach for surface modification has offered an alternative for physicochemical and morphological methods to obtain desirable bone-implant interfaces. PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to investigate cell responses to poly (D,L-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA)/1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 coating with reference to cellular proliferation and differentiation in vitro. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 96 titanium discs were fabricated and divided into four groups. Group 1 was anodized under 300 V as control. Group 2, 3 and 4 were anodized then coated with 3 ml PLGA/1alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 solutions. Amount of the solutions were 2 ul, 20 ul and 200ul respectively. The osteoblast-like Human Osteogenic Sarcoma (HOS) cells were seeded and cultured for 1, 3 and 7 days. MTSbased cell proliferation assay and ALPase activity test were carried out.
RESULTS
PLGA nanoparticles were observed as fine, smooth and round and HOS cells attached to the anodized surfaces through strand-like and sheet-like filopodia. After 3 days of culture, the dendritic filopodia were exaggerated and sheet-like cytoplasmic projections covered the coated titanium surfaces. After 3 days of culture, all of the groups showed increased cellular proliferation and the lowest proliferation rate was measured on group 2. Higher amount of incorporated 1 alpha, 25-(OH)2D3 (Group 3 and 4) improved cellular proliferation but the differences were not significant statistically (P > .05). But they increased the rate of ALP activities than the control group at day 3 (P < .05).
CONCLUSION
Biodegradable PLGA nanoparticles incorporated with vitamin D metabolite positively affected proliferation and differentiation of cells on the anodized titanium surface.

Keyword

1 alpha; 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3; PLGA; Nanoparticle; Anodized titanium; Cell proliferation; Differentiation

MeSH Terms

Calcitriol
Cell Proliferation
Cytoplasm
Humans
Lactic Acid
Nanoparticles
Osteosarcoma
Polyglycolic Acid
Pseudopodia
Seeds
Titanium
Vitamin D
Calcitriol
Lactic Acid
Polyglycolic Acid
Titanium
Vitamin D

Figure

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  Fig. 1. SEM surface morphology of titanium disc surfaces (×1000) after 1-day culture (a) Group 1: Anodized under 300 V (b) Group 2: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (2 ul/disc)] solution (c) Group 3: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (20 ul/disc)] solution (d) Group 4: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (200 ul/disc)] solution

• 

  Fig. 2. SEM surface morphology of titanium disc surfaces (×1000) after 3-day culture (a) Group 1: Anodized under 300 V (b) Group 2: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (2 ul/disc)] solution (c) Group 3: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (20 ul/disc)] solution (d) Group 4: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (200 ul/disc)] solution

• 

  Fig. 3. SEM surface morphology of titanium disc surfaces (×1000) after 7-day culture (a) Group 1: Anodized under 300 V (b) Group 2: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (2 ul/disc)] solution (c) Group 3: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (20 ul/disc)] solution (d) Group 4: Anodized under 300 V then, coated with 3 ml [PLGA/1α, 25-(OH)2D3 (200 ul/disc)] solution

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  Fig. 4. Changes in MTS optical density values of osteoblast-like HOS cells grown on the discs after culturing 1, 3 and 7 days (mean + SD, n = 3).

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  Fig. 5 Changes in ALPase optical density values of osteoblast-like HOS cells grown on the discs after culturing 1, 3 and 7 days (mean + SD, n = 3).

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