J Stroke.
2019 Jan;21(1):31-41. 10.5853/jos.2018.03454.
Biomarker for Ischemic Stroke Using Metabolome: A Clinician Perspective
- Affiliations
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- 1Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA. esidorov@ouhsc.edu
- 2Oklahoma Center for Neuroscience, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- 3Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- 4Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- 5Harold Hamm Diabetes Center, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, USA.
- 6Department of Plant Science, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA. juv4@psu.edu
- 7Department of Food Science/Center for Molecular Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Penn State University, University Park, PA, USA.
- KMID: 2438648
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.5853/jos.2018.03454
Abstract
- Finding ischemic stroke biomarker is highly desirable because it can improve diagnosis even before a patient arrives to the hospital. Metabolome is one of new technologies that help to find biomarkers. Most metabolome-related ischemic stroke studies were done in Asia and had exploratory designs. Although failed to find specific biomarkers, they discovered several important metabolite-stroke associations which belong to three pathophysiological mechanisms: Excitotoxicity with activation of glutamate, resulting in the increase of glutamate derivatives proline and pyroglutamate; Oxidative stress with production of free radicals and perturbed concentrations of uric acid, matrix metalloproteinase-9, branch-chained amino acids, sphingolipids, homocysteine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, nitric oxide and folate cycle metabolites; and Stroke mediated inflammation, affecting phospholipid metabolism with perturbed levels of lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylcholine. The discovered metabolite-stroke associations need further evaluation in prospective, high-quality studies with patients matched for age, risk factors, and medications.
Keyword
MeSH Terms
-
Amino Acids
Asia
Biomarkers
Diagnosis
Folic Acid
Free Radicals
Glutamic Acid
Homocysteine
Humans
Inflammation
Ischemia
Lysophosphatidylcholines
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Metabolism
Metabolome*
Nitric Oxide
Oxidative Stress
Proline
Prospective Studies
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid
Risk Factors
Sphingolipids
Stroke*
Uric Acid
Amino Acids
Biomarkers
Folic Acid
Free Radicals
Glutamic Acid
Homocysteine
Lysophosphatidylcholines
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Nitric Oxide
Proline
Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid
Sphingolipids
Uric Acid
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