Lab Anim Res.  2018 Sep;34(3):92-100. 10.5625/lar.2018.34.3.92.

Protective effect of water extract of guibi-tang against pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide

• Shin NR
• Jung TY
• Seo CS
• Park SW
• Ko JW
• Kim JC
• Shin IS

• KMID: 2420821
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2018.34.3.92

Abstract

Water extract of guibi-tang (GB), a traditional Chinese, Japanese, and Korean herbal medicine, is used to treat memory impairment, insomnia, and peptic ulcers. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of GB on pulmonary inflammation induced by cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). C57BL/6 mice were used to develop a pulmonary inflammation model by exposing them to CS for 1 h per day for 7 days. LPS was intranasally administered to mice under mild anesthesia on day 5. GB was administered 1 h before CS exposure at doses of 50 or 100 mg/kg for 7 days. Our results showed that GB suppressed the CS and LPS induced elevation in inflammatory cell counts in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), with significant reductions in protein, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 levels. Histological studies revealed that GB decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration into lung tissue caused by CS- and LPS-exposure. GB also significantly decreased the CS and LPS-induced expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the lung tissue. Taken together, GB effectively attenuated airway inflammation caused by CS and LPS. These results indicate that GB is a potential therapeutic herbal formula for pulmonary inflammatory disease.

Keyword

Guibi-water extract; cigarette smoke; airway inflammation; inducible nitric oxide synthase

MeSH Terms

Anesthesia
Animals
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid
Cell Count
Herbal Medicine
Humans
Inflammation
Interleukins
Lung
Memory
Mice
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Peptic Ulcer
Pneumonia*
Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders
Smoke*
Tobacco Products*
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Water*
Interleukins
Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II
Smoke
Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha
Water

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Representative HPLC profiles for (A) standard mixtures and (B) GB sample at 254 nm.

• 

  Figure 2 GB decreased inflammatory cell counts in the BALF of CS- and LPS-exposed mice. NC: non-treated mice; CS: CS- and LPS-exposed mice; ROF: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered roflumilast (10 mg/kg, per os); GB50 and GB100: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered GB (50 and 100 mg/kg, per os, respectively). The values are given as means±SD. ##P<0.01 vs NC; *P<0.05 vs CS.

• 

  Figure 3 GB reduced the production of inflammatory cytokines caused by exposure to CS and LPS. (A) TNF-α level, (B) IL-6 level. NC: non-treated mice; CS: CS- and LPS-exposed mice; ROF: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered roflumilast (10 mg/kg, per os); GB50 and GB100: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered GB (50 and 100 mg/kg, per os, respectively). The values are given as means ± SD. ##P<0.01 vs NC; *P<0.05 vs CS; **P<0.01 vs CS.

• 

  Figure 4 GB suppressed iNOS expression in the lung tissue from CS- and LPS-exposed mice. (A) iNOS expression in the membrane, (B) iNOS expression in the lung tissue. To determine protein expression, we used five samples per group and the experiments were repeated twice. NC: non-treated mice; CS: CS- and LPS-exposed mice; ROF: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered roflumilast (10 mg/kg, per os); GB50 and GB100: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered GB (50 and 100 mg/kg, per os, respectively). The values are given as means±SD. ##P<0.01 vs NC; **P<0.01 vs CS.

• 

  Figure 5 GB attenuated inflammatory cell infiltration. NC: non-treated mice; CS: CS- and LPS-exposed mice; ROF: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered roflumilast (10 mg/kg, per os); GB50 and GB100: CS- and LPS-exposed mice administered GB (50 and 100 mg/kg, per os, respectively). The values are given as means±SD. ##P<0.01 vs NC; *P<0.05 vs CS; **P<0.01 vs CS.

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