Lab Anim Res.  2017 Mar;33(1):40-47. 10.5625/lar.2017.33.1.40.

HemoHIM, a herbal preparation, alleviates airway inflammation caused by cigarette smoke and lipopolysaccharide

• Shin NR
• Kim SH
• Ko JW
• Park SH
• Lee IC
• Ryu JM
• Kim JC
• Shin IS

• KMID: 2375271
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5625/lar.2017.33.1.40

Abstract

HemoHIM, herbal preparation has designed for immune system recovery. We investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of HemoHIM on cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) mouse model. To induce COPD, C57BL/6 mice were exposed to CS for 1 h per day (eight cigarettes per day) for 4 weeks and intranasally received LPS on day 26. HemoHIM was administrated to mice at a dose of 50 or 100 mg/kg 1h before CS exposure. HemoHIM reduced the inflammatory cell count and levels of tumor necrosis factor receptor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-1β in the broncho-alveolar lavage fluid (BALF) induced by CS+LPS exposure. HemoHIM decreased the inflammatory cell infiltration in the airway and inhibited the expression of iNOS and MMP-9 and phosphorylation of Erk in lung tissue exposed to CS+LPS. In summary, our results indicate that HemoHIM inhibited a reduction in the lung inflammatory response on CS and LPS induced lung inflammation via the Erk pathway. Therefore, we suggest that HemoHIM has the potential to treat pulmonary inflammatory disease such as COPD.

Keyword

HemoHIM; cigarette smoke; inducible nnitric oxide synthase; matrix metalloproteinase-9; Erk

MeSH Terms

Animals
Cell Count
Immune System
Inflammation*
Interleukins
Lung
MAP Kinase Signaling System
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Mice
Phosphorylation
Plant Preparations*
Pneumonia
Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive
Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
Smoke*
Therapeutic Irrigation
Tobacco Products*
Interleukins
Matrix Metalloproteinase 9
Plant Preparations
Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor
Smoke

Figure

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  Figure 1 HemoHIM reduced the number of inflammatory cells in the BALF. NC: Non-induced mice; CS+LPS: cigarette smoke (CS) and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced mice; ROF: roflumilast (10 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H50: HemoHIM (50 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H100 (100 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice. The values are expressed as the means±SD. #Significantly different from the control mice, P<0.05; *Significantly different from the CS mice, P<0.05.

• 

  Figure 2 HemoHIM decreased pro-inflammatory cytokines. (A) TNF-α, (B) IL-6, and (C) IL-1β. NC: Non-induced mice; CS+LPS: CS and LPS induced mice; ROF: roflumilast (10 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H50: HemoHIM (50 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H100 (100 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice. The values are expressed as the means±SD. #Significantly different from the control mice, P<0.05; *Significantly different from the CS mice, P<0.05.

• 

  Figure 3 HemoHIM inhibited the iNOS and phosphorylation of ERK expression in lung tissue. (A) Expression of iNOS. (B) Phosphorylation of ERK. (C and D) Quantitative analysis of iNOS expression and phosphorylation of ERK expression. NC: Non-induced mice; CS+LPS: CS and LPS induced mice; ROF: roflumilast (10 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H50: HemoHIM (50 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H100 (100 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice. The values are expressed as the means±SD. #Significantly different from the control mice, P<0.05; *Significantly different from the CS mice, P<0.05.

• 

  Figure 4 HemoHIM reduced inflammatory cell infiltration induced by CS and LPS exposure. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining showed inflammatory infiltration in the peribronchial region and alveolar region. NC: Non-induced mice; CS+LPS: CS and LPS induced mice; ROF: roflumilast (10 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H50: HemoHIM (50 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H100 (100 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice. The values are expressed as the means±SD. #Significantly different from the control mice, P<0.05; *Significantly different from the CS mice, P<0.05.

• 

  Figure 5 HemoHIM decreased the expression and activity of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in lung tissue induced by CS and LPS exposure. (A) Representative figure of MMP-9 expression in lung tissue. (B) MMP-9 activity using zymography. NC: Non-induced mice; CS+LPS: CS and LPS induced mice; ROF: roflumilast (10 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H50: HemoHIM (50 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice; H100 (100 mg/kg) and CS and LPS induced mice. The values are expressed as the means±SD. #Significantly different from the control mice, P<0.05; *Significantly different from the CS mice, P < 0.05.

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