J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc.  2007 Jan;46(1):5-12.

Association Study of Dopamine D2, D4 Receptor Gene, GABA(A) Receptor beta Subunit Gene, and Serotonin Transporter Gene Polymorphism with Children of Alcoholics in Korea: Preliminary Study

• Cheon KA
• Kim JW
• Jun JY
• Lee JY
• Namkoong K

Abstract

OBJECTIVES
The studies on the genetic risk factors of the children of alcoholics (COAs) are still in an early stage. The A 1 allele of the dopamine receptor 2 gene (DRD2) may be associated with the negative affect and positive alcohol expectancy of the COAs. In addition, several researchers reported that COAs might be associated with the GABAA receptor beta subunit gene (GABRB3) and serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR). In this study, we investigated the association of polymorphism of the DRD2, Dopamine D4 receptor gene (DRD4), GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR with COAs to examine the genetic risk factors of COAs.
METHODS
Twenty-two COAs and 23 control children (children of non-Alcoholics ; Non-COAs) were included for the genetic study. All COAs aged 6 to 18 were recruited and selected from families of alcoholic patients in alcohol clinics of three university and mental hospital. Alcoholism of parents was classified as type I (non-antisocial, late onset) and type II (antisocial, early onset) by Cloninger's classification. The genotyping of the DRD2, DRD4, GABRB3, 5-HTTLPR was carried out. Chi-square method was used for evaluating the associations between genetic polymorphism and the COAs.
RESULTS
The frequency of A1+ allele of DRD2 in COAs were significantly higher than Non-COAs (Chi-square=4.45, df=1, p=0.035). Significant association between the genotype of DRD4 and COAs was found (Chi-square=8.32, df=1, p=0.004). G1- alleles of GABRB3 in COAs were significantly higher than in Non-COAs (Chi-square=6.622, df=1, p=0.022). We found no association of the polymorphic alleles of 5-HTTLPR with the COAs (Chi-square=0.021, df=1, p=0.884). There were significant associations between the type of parental alcoholism and depression of COAs.
CONCLUSION
We found that the children of alcoholics had significantly increased genetic risk of alcohol drinking expectancy. This study provides some preliminary information on the risk and protective factors associated with the COAs, which can be used as a foundation for prevention and intervention of future psychopathology.

Keyword

COAs; DRD2; DRD4; GABRB3; 5-HTTLPR; Genetic polymorphism

MeSH Terms

Alcohol Drinking
Alcoholics*
Alcoholism
Alleles
Child*
Classification
Depression
Dopamine*
Genotype
Hospitals, Psychiatric
Humans
Korea*
Parents
Polymorphism, Genetic
Psychopathology
Receptors, Dopamine
Receptors, Dopamine D4
Receptors, GABA-A*
Risk Factors
Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins*
Serotonin*
Dopamine
Receptors, Dopamine
Receptors, Dopamine D4
Receptors, GABA-A
Serotonin
Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins