J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc.  2001 Nov;40(6):1231-1239.

Effect of Dopamine D2 Receptor Gene Polymorphism for Smoking in Patients with Schizophrenia

• Lee HS
• Kim SH
• Lee HJ
• Kim TW
• Han DJ
• Kim YK
• Kim L
• Lee MS
• Son BG

Abstract

OBJECTIVE
The authors examined the genetic effect of DRD2 Taq I polymorphism to the smoking in the Korean schizophrenics. Also this study examined molecular heterosis and gender difference in the genetic effect to smoking in schizophrenics.
METHODS
The study subjects were composed of 167 schizophrenic patients, 96 smokers and 71 non-smokers. DRD2 Taq I RFLP genotyping was carried out with DNA extracted from subjects' blood samples.
RESULTS
Among the total schizophrenics, the smokers were not significantly different from the non-smokers in respect to the frequency and prevalence of A1 allele, the genotype distribution, or frequency of heterozygotes. In male schizophrenics, genotype distribution of smoking patients differed significantly from non-smoking patients(p=0.010), with a higher prevalence of A1 allele (p=0.020) and frequency of heterozygotes(p=0.005). In male schizophrenics, A1A2 heterozygotes showed significantly higher smoking rate than A1A1 or A2A2 homozygotes and non-smokers were deficient in heterozygotes. The deviation from Hardy-Weinberg expectations was observed in male and female non-smokers with opposite directions. Moreover, highly significant differences were seen between male and female non-smokers in A1 prevalence(p=0.001), genotype distribution(p<0.00011), and frequency of heterozygotes(p<0.00003).
CONCLUSION
No significant difference between smokers and non-smokers in the genotype distributions of the total sample could be explained by the gender difference in the genetic effect of DRD2 A1 allele to the smoking with opposite directions. Our findings support molecular heterosis at the DRD2 gene.

Keyword

Heterosis; Nicotine; Schizophrenia; Dopamine; Gender-specific

MeSH Terms

Alleles
DNA
Dopamine*
Female
Genotype
Heterozygote
Homozygote
Humans
Hybrid Vigor
Male
Nicotine
Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
Prevalence
Receptors, Dopamine D2*
Schizophrenia*
Smoke*
Smoking*
DNA
Dopamine
Nicotine
Receptors, Dopamine D2
Smoke