Nucl Med Mol Imaging.  2016 Jun;50(2):104-111. 10.1007/s13139-015-0392-7.

Combination Radioimmunotherapy Approaches and Quantification of Immuno-PET

• Kim JS

• KMID: 2256997
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.1007/s13139-015-0392-7

Abstract

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), which play a prominent role in cancer therapy, can interact with specific antigens on cancer cells, thereby enhancing the patient's immune response via various mechanisms, or mAbs can act against cell growth factors and, thereby, arrest the proliferation of tumor cells. Radionuclide-labeled mAbs, which are used in radioimmunotherapy (RIT), are effective for cancer treatment because tumor associated-mAbs linked to cytotoxic radionuclides can selectively bind to tumor antigens and release targeted cytotoxic radiation. Immunological positron emission tomography (immuno-PET), which is the combination of PET with mAb, is an attractive option for improving tumor detection and mAb quantification. However, RIT remains a challenge because of the limited delivery of mAb into tumors. The transport and uptake of mAb into tumors is slow and heterogeneous. The tumor microenvironment contributed to the limited delivery of the mAb. During the delivery process of mAb to tumor, mechanical drug resistance such as collagen distribution or physiological drug resistance such as high intestinal pressure or absence of lymphatic vessel would be the limited factor of mAb delivery to the tumor at a potentially lethal mAb concentration. When α-emitter-labeled mAbs were used, deeper penetration of α-emitter-labeled mAb inside tumors was more important because of the short range of the α emitter. Therefore, combination therapy strategies aimed at improving mAb tumor penetration and accumulation would be beneficial for maximizing their therapeutic efficacy against solid tumors.

Keyword

Monoclonal antibody; Radioimmunotherapy; Immuno-PET; Tumormicroenvironment

MeSH Terms

Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antigens, Neoplasm
Collagen
Drug Resistance
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Lymphatic Vessels
Positron-Emission Tomography
Radioimmunotherapy*
Radioisotopes
Tumor Microenvironment
Antibodies, Monoclonal
Antigens, Neoplasm
Collagen
Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
Radioisotopes