J Adv Prosthodont.  2009 Mar;1(1):56-61. 10.4047/jap.2009.1.1.56.

Cell response to a newly developed Ti-10Ta-10Nb alloy and its sputtered nanoscale coating

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Prosthodontics, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwang-Ju, Korea. psw320@chonnam.ac.kr

Abstract

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: The success of titanium implants is due to osseointegration or the direct contact of the implant surface and bone without a fibrous connective tissue interface. PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the osteoblast precursor response to titanium - 10 tantalum - 10 niobium (Ti-Ta-Nb) alloy and its sputtered coating. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ti-Ta-Nb coatings were sputtered onto the Ti-Ta-Nb disks. Ti6-Al-4V alloy disks were used as controls. An osteoblast precursor cell line, were used to evaluate the cell responses to the 3 groups. Cell attachment was measured using coulter counter and the cell morphology during attachment period was observed using fluorescent microscopy. Cell culture was performed at 4, 8, 12 and 16 days. RESULTS: The sputtered Ti-Ta-Nb coatings consisted of dense nanoscale grains in the range of 30 to 100 nm with alpha-Ti crystal structure. The Ti-Ta-Nb disks and its sputtered nanoscale coatings exhibited greater hydrophilicity and rougher surfaces compared to the Ti-6Al-4V disks. The sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited significantly greater cell attachment compared to Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-Ta-Nb disks. Nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited significantly greater ALP specific activity and total protein production compared to the other 2 groups. CONCLUSIONS: It was concluded that nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings enhance cell adhesion. In addition, Ti-Ta-Nb alloy and its nanoscale coatings enhanced osteoblast differentiation, but did not support osteoblast precursor proliferation compared to Ti-6Al-4V. These results indicate that the new developed Ti-Ta-Nb alloy and its nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings may be useful as an implant material.

Keyword

Implant; Ti-Ta-Nb; Cell response; Sputter; Nanoscale; Osteoblast

MeSH Terms

Alloys
Cell Adhesion
Cell Culture Techniques
Cell Line
Connective Tissue
Edible Grain
Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions
Microscopy
Niobium
Organothiophosphorus Compounds
Osseointegration
Osteoblasts
Tantalum
Titanium
Alloys
Niobium
Organothiophosphorus Compounds
Tantalum
Titanium

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Thin film XRD pattern of (1) Ti-6Al-4V controls; (2) Ti-Ta-Nb disks; and (3) Sputtered Ti-Ta-Nb coatings on Ti-Ta-Nb disks. The three surfaces exhibited the same alpha-Ti crystal structure.

  • Fig. 2 Surface morphology of (a) Ti-6Al-4V controls; (b) Ti-Ta-Nb disks; and (c) Sputtered Ti-Ta-Nb coatings on Ti-Ta-Nb disks. (d) Cross-section surface morphology of the sputtered Ti-Ta-Nb coatings.

  • Fig. 3 Cell attachment kinetics of different surfaces. (The sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited greater cell attachment compared to Ti-6Al-4V disks (P < .01) and Ti-Ta-Nb disks (P < .05). There were no significant differences between the Ti-Ta-Nb and Ti-6Al-4V disks.)

  • Fig. 4 Representative morphology change of the adherent cell on the samples over time. (a) 1 hour; (b) 2 hours; (c) 4 hours; and (d) 6 hours. Within the first hour, the adherent cell exhibited round shape. Within the first two and four hours, the adherent cell occupied larger and larger surface area and gradually changed to the elongated shape, suggesting the cell's continuing adhesion. Within the first six hours, the adherent cell exhibited the spindle shape and projected some visible filopodia, suggesting the start of spread.

  • Fig. 5 dsDNA amount produced by the cells on different surfaces over time. (The cells on the Ti-6Al-4V disks produced a significantly greater dsDNA amount compared to the sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings (P < .01) and T-Ta-Nb disks (P < .01))

  • Fig. 6 ALP specific activity by the cells on different surfaces over time. (The cells on the sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited significantly greater ALP specific activity when compared to the Ti-6Al-4V disks (P < .01) and Ti-Ta-Nb disks (P < .01))

  • Fig. 7 Total protein produced by the cells on different surfaces over time. (The cells on the sputtered nanoscale Ti-Ta-Nb coatings exhibited greater total protein production when compared to the Ti-6Al-4V disks (P < .01) and Ti-Ta-Nb disks (P < .01))


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