Allergy Asthma Immunol Res.  2014 Jan;6(1):13-21. 10.4168/aair.2014.6.1.13.

Molecular Genetic Mechanisms of Chronic Urticaria

• Losol P
• Yoo HS
• Park HS

• KMID: 2166923
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4168/aair.2014.6.1.13

Abstract

Chronic urticaria (CU) is a common allergic skin disease that requires long-term pharmacological treatment. Some patients with severe CU suffer a poor quality of life. Although the pathogenic mechanisms of CU are not clearly understood, several groups have suggested that genetic mechanisms are involved in various CU cohorts. To further understand the molecular genetic mechanisms of CU, we summarize recent genetic data in this review. Although a few HLA alleles were suggested to be candidate markers in different ethnic groups, further replication studies that apply the recent classification are needed. Genetic polymorphisms in histamine-related genes, including FcepsilonRI and HNMT, were suggested to be involved in mast cell activation and histamine metabolism. Several genetic polymorphisms of leukotriene-related genes, such as ALOX5, LTC4S, and the PGE2 receptor gene PTGER4, were suggested to be involved in leukotriene overproduction, a pathogenic mechanism. Further investigations using candidate gene approaches and genome-wide association studies (GWAS) will provide new insights into the molecular genetic mechanisms of CU, which will provide new marker genes for differentiation of CU phenotypes and identification of potential therapeutic targets.

Keyword

Chronic urticaria; genetic association; leukotriene; mast cell

MeSH Terms

Alleles
Classification
Cohort Studies
Dinoprostone
Ethnic Groups
Genome-Wide Association Study
Histamine
Humans
Leukotriene C4
Mast Cells
Metabolism
Molecular Biology*
Phenotype
Polymorphism, Genetic
Quality of Life
Skin Diseases
Urticaria*
Dinoprostone
Histamine
Leukotriene C4

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