Exp Neurobiol.  2015 Dec;24(4):325-340. 10.5607/en.2015.24.4.325.

The Role of Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases

• Kim GH
• Kim JE
• Rhie SJ
• Yoon S

• KMID: 2165568
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5607/en.2015.24.4.325

Abstract

Oxidative stress is induced by an imbalanced redox states, involving either excessive generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or dysfunction of the antioxidant system. The brain is one of organs especially vulnerable to the effects of ROS because of its high oxygen demand and its abundance of peroxidation-susceptible lipid cells. Previous studies have demonstrated that oxidative stress plays a central role in a common pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Antioxidant therapy has been suggested for the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases, although the results with regard to their efficacy of treating neurodegenerative disease have been inconsistent. In this review, we will discuss the role of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of neurodegenerative diseases and in vivo measurement of an index of damage by oxidative stress. Moreover, the present knowledge on antioxidant in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases and future directions will be outlined.

Keyword

Oxidative stress; Reactive oxygen species; Neurodegenerative disease; Alzheimer's disease; Parkinson's disease; Antioxidant

MeSH Terms

Alzheimer Disease
Brain
Neurodegenerative Diseases*
Oxidation-Reduction
Oxidative Stress*
Oxygen
Parkinson Disease
Reactive Oxygen Species
Oxygen
Reactive Oxygen Species