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Innate Lymphoid Cells in the Airways: Their Functions and Regulators

Orimo K, Saito H, Matsumoto , Morita H

Since the airways are constantly exposed to various pathogens and foreign antigens, various kinds of cells in the airways—including structural cells and immune cells—interact to form a precise defense system...
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Aralia cordata Extract Activates NF-κB and MAPK Signaling Pathways and Induces Pro-inflammatory Changes in RAW264.7 Macrophages

Seo DW, Cho YI, Yi YJ, Lee SM

Macrophages play essential roles in innate immune responses by producing various immune mediators. Therefore, modulating macrophage function is an attractive strategy to treat immune disorders. Aralia cordata var. continentalis (AC),...
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Zika Virus Impairs Host NLRP3-mediated Inflammasome Activation in an NS3-dependent Manner

Gim E, Shim DW, Hwang I, Shin OS, Yu JW

Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne flavivirus associated with severe neurological disorders including Guillain-Barré syndrome and microcephaly. The host innate immune responses against ZIKV infection are essential for protection; however,...
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Viperin Differentially Induces Interferon-Stimulated Genes in Distinct Cell Types

Kim JJ, Kim KS, Eom J, Lee JB, Seo JY

Viperin is an IFN-stimulated gene (ISG)-encoded protein that was identified in human primary macrophages treated with IFN-γ and in human primary fibroblasts infected with cytomegalovirus (CMV). This protein plays multiple...
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The Interplay between Host Immunity and Respiratory Viral Infection in Asthma Exacerbation

Hossain FM, Choi JY, Uyangaa E, Park SO, Eo SK

Asthma is one of the most common and chronic diseases characterized by multidimensional immune responses along with poor prognosis and severity. The heterogeneous nature of asthma may be attributed to...
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The Interaction between Joint Inflammation and Cartilage Repair

van der Kraan PM

BACKGROUND: Articular cartilage lesions occur frequently but unfortunately damaged cartilage has a very limited intrinsic repair capacity. Therefore, there is a high need to develop technology that makes cartilage repair...
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Potential Roles of Innate Immune Chemokine and Cytokine Network on Lipopolysaccharide-Based Therapeutic Approach in Ovarian Cancer

Ignacio RM, Lee ES, Son DS

Ovarian cancer (OC), the deadliest gynecological cancer, results in poor overall survival, urgently requiring a novel therapeutic approach. As cumulative exposures to endotoxins decreased OC risk epidemiologically, we evaluated if...
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C3a Receptor Inhibition Protects Brain Endothelial Cells Against Oxygen-glucose Deprivation/Reperfusion

Ahmad S, Kindelin A, Khan SA, Ahmed M, Hoda MN, Bhatia K, Ducruet AF

The complement cascade is a central component of innate immunity which plays a critical role in brain inflammation. Complement C3a receptor (C3aR) is a key mediator of post-ischemic cerebral injury,...
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Evolutionary relationship analysis of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus 4a and 4b protein coding sequences

Kim JI, Park S, Bae JY, Park MS

The 4a and 4b proteins of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) have been described for their antagonism on host innate immunity. However, unlike clustering patterns of the complete...
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Blood transcriptome resources of chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarcticus) and gentoo (Pygoscelis papua) penguins from the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica

Kim BM, Jeong J, Jo E, Ahn DH, Kim JH, Rhee JS, Park H

The chinstrap (Pygoscelis antarcticus) and gentoo (P. papua) penguins are distributed throughout Antarctica and the sub-Antarctic islands. In this study, high-quality de novo assemblies of blood transcriptomes from these penguins...
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Predictive Role of Circulating Immune Cell Subtypes Early after Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation in Patients with Acute Leukemia

Kim TW, Park SS, Lim JY, Min GJ, Park S, Jeon YW, Yahng SA, Shin SH, Lee SE, Yoon JH, Cho BS, Eom KS, Lee S, Kim HJ, Min CK

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cells of innate immunity normally recover in the first weeks to months after allogenenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT). Their relevance in terms of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)...
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Effector Pathways of Toll-like Receptor-inducible Innate Immune Responses in Macrophages

Jo EK, Suh HW, Park JK

Toll-like receptors (TLR) are well-characterized pattern recognition receptors that can recognize and respond to diverse pathogen-associated or danger-associated molecular patterns during infection. TLR signaling in macrophages triggers in the intracellular...
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Natural Infection with Rabies Virus: A Histopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Human Brains

Farahtaj F, Alizadeh L, Gholami A, Tahamtan A, Shirian S, Fazeli M, Nejad AS, Gorji A, Niknam HM, Ghaemi A

OBJECTIVES: Despite all the efforts and increased knowledge of rabies, the exact mechanisms of infection and mortality from the rabies virus are not well understood. To understand the mechanisms underlying...
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Brain-Gut-Microbiota Axis in Alzheimer's Disease

Kowalski K, Mulak A

  • KMID: 2433497
  • J Neurogastroenterol Motil.
  • 2019 Jan;25(1):48-60.
  • doi: 10.5056/jnm18087
Disturbances along the brain-gut-microbiota axis may significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most frequent cause of dementia characterized by a progressive decline in...
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Sex hormones alter the response of Toll-like receptor 3 to its specific ligand in fallopian tube epithelial cells

Zandieh Z, Amjadi F, Vakilian H, Aflatoonian K, Amirchaghmaghi E, Fazeli A, Aflatoonian R

OBJECTIVE: The fallopian tubes play a critical role in the early events of fertilization. The rapid innate immune defense is an important part of the fallopian tubes. Toll-like receptor 3...
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Differential Hrd1 Expression and B-Cell Accumulation in Eosinophilic and Non-eosinophilic Chronic Rhinosinusitis With Nasal Polyps

Chen K, Han M, Tang M, Xie Y, Lai Y, Hu X, Zhang J, Yang J, Li H

PURPOSE: Hrd1 has recently emerged as a critical regulator of B-cells in autoimmune diseases. However, its role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) remains largely unexplored....
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Decreased CRTH2 Expression and Response to Allergen Re-stimulation on Innate Lymphoid Cells in Patients With Allergen-Specific Immunotherapy

Mitthamsiri W, Pradubpongsa P, Sangasapaviliya A, Boonpiyathad T

PURPOSE: Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) have been implicated in the pathogenesis of allergic disease. However, the effect of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) on ILCs remains to be clarified. The...
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Asthma has an adverse effect on the production of antibody to vaccines

Sheen YH

Asthma is considered a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Mounting evidence reports that patients with asthma are at significantly higher risk of developing communicable diseases such as invasive pneumococcal disease, Haemophilus...
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Anti-influenza properties of herbal extract of Althaea rosea in mice

Kim MS, Chathuranga K, Kim H, Lee JS, Kim CJ

Althaea rosea has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat numerous diseases, but no studies have investigated its anti-influenza properties to date. In this study, we investigated the anti-influenza...
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Bitter Taste, Rising New Functions and Significance of Extra-oral Expressions

Ki SY, Kim KN

Taste is closely related to intake of food. Taste perception is also influenced by type of food ingested, and nutrition and health status. Bitter taste plays an important role in...
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