J Korean Med Sci.  2014 Aug;29(8):1038-1041. 10.3346/jkms.2014.29.8.1038.

Role of Innate Immunity in the Pathogenesis of Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes

• Lee MS

• KMID: 2129596
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2014.29.8.1038

Abstract

The importance of innate immunity in host defense is becoming clear after discovery of innate immune receptors such as Toll-like receptor or Nod-like receptor. Innate immune system plays an important role in diverse pathological situations such as autoimmune diseases. Role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome or atherosclerosis that has not been previously considered as inflammatory disorders, is also being appreciated. Here, the role of innate immunity in the development of type 1 diabetes, a classical organ-specific autoimmune disease, and type 2 diabetes will be discussed, focusing on the role of specific innate immune receptors involved in these disease processes.

Keyword

Immunity, Innate; Diabetes Mellitus; Autoimmunity; Lipids; Toll-like Receptor; Nod-like Receptor

MeSH Terms

Animals
Cytokines/*immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1/*immunology
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/*immunology
Humans
Immunity, Innate/*immunology
Inflammasomes/*immunology
*Models, Immunological
Pancreas/immunology
Cytokines
Inflammasomes

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Role of innate immunity in T1D. TLR2 as a sensor of DAMP released from insulinoma cells undergoing secondary necrosis. APC, antigen-presenting cells.

• 

  Fig. 2 Role of innate immunity in T2D. NLRP3 as a sensor of lipid ligands inducing inflammasome activation and release of mature IL-1β. CASP, caspase-1.

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