Immune Netw.  2011 Apr;11(2):95-99. 10.4110/in.2011.11.2.95.

Role of Innate Immunity in Diabetes and Metabolism: Recent Progress in the Study of Inflammasomes

• Lee MS

• KMID: 2150696
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2011.11.2.95

Abstract

Type 1 diabetes is one of the classical examples of organ- specific autoimmune diseases characterized by lymphocytic infiltration or inflammation in pancreatic islets called 'insulitis'. In contrast, type 2 diabetes has been traditionally regarded as a metabolic disorder with a pathogenesis that is totally different from that of type 1 diabetes. However, recent investigation has revealed contribution of chronic inflammation in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes. In addition to type 2 diabetes, the role of chronic inflammation is being appreciated in a wide variety of metabolic disorders such as obesity, metabolic syndrome, and atherosclerosis. In this review, we will cover the role of innate immunity in the pathogenesis of metabolic disorders with an emphasis on NLRP3.

Keyword

Inflammasomes; NLRP; Diabetes; Metabolism

MeSH Terms

Atherosclerosis
Autoimmune Diseases
Immunity, Innate
Inflammasomes
Inflammation
Islets of Langerhans
Obesity
Inflammasomes

Figure

• 

  Figure 1 Pathway for NLRP3 activation. As there is no evidence of direct physical contact between ligands and NLRP3, three major pathways for NLRP3 activation have been proposed such as direct cytoplasmic delivery of bacterial ligands through pannexin-1 hemichannel, ROS production, and lysosomal injury by crystalline/particulate ligands such as cholesterol crystal or monosodium urate.

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