J Bacteriol Virol.  2009 Sep;39(3):145-157. 10.4167/jbv.2009.39.3.145.

Activation of Innate Immune System During Viral Infection: Role of Pattern-recognition Receptors (PRRs) in Viral Infection

• Jun EJ
• Kim YK

• KMID: 1474157
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4167/jbv.2009.39.3.145

Abstract

Innate immunity and adaptive immunity are two major immune responses against pathogens. Innate immunity is responsible for the immediate immune response to pathogens. Pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) play an important role in innate immune response. PRRs recognize regular patterns of molecule structure known as pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). Among the PRRs, Toll-like receptors (TLRs), RIG-I-like receptors (RLRs), and DNA-dependent activator of interferon regulatory factors (DAI) display key roles in response to viral infections. This article reviews how viral infections activate PRR-PAMP signal pathways and how viruses evade immune responses elicited by PRR signal pathways.

Keyword

Innate immunity; Viral infection; Toll-like receptor; RIG-I-like receptor; PAMP

MeSH Terms

Adaptive Immunity
Immune System
Immunity, Innate
Interferon Regulatory Factors
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome
Signal Transduction
Toll-Like Receptors
Interferon Regulatory Factors
Toll-Like Receptors

Figure

• 

  Figure 1. Signaling pathways through PRRs in response to viral infections

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