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Evolution of the paranasal sinuses' anatomy through the ages

Mavrodi A, Paraskevas G

Previously, anatomists considered paranasal sinuses as a mysterious region of the human skull. Historically, paranasal sinuses were first identified by ancient Egyptians and later, by Greek physicians. After a long...
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Adiponectin as a new paradigm for approaching Alzheimer's disease

Song J, Lee JE

Adiponectin is an adipocytokine released by the adipose tissue and has multiple roles in the immune system and in the metabolic syndromes such as cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes, obesity...
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Sessile ileum, subhepatic cecum, and uncinate appendix that might lead to a diagnostic dilemma

Nayak SB, George BM, Mishra S, Surendran , Shetty P, Shetty SD

The subhepatic position of the cecum and appendix is a result of embryological reasons. Subhepatic appendicitis can cause diagnostic dilemmas. During the dissection of an adult male cadaver aged approximately...
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Right sided descending and sigmoid colon: its embryological basis and clinical implications

Shrivastava P, Tuli A, Kaur S, Raheja S

Anatomical variations of the colon are described by various authors, but the occurrence of right sided descending and sigmoid colon is rare and has not been reported. We found that...
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Histomorphological and morphometrical changes of placental terminal villi of normotensive and preeclamptic mothers

Sankar KD, Bhanu PS, Ramalingam K, Kiran S, Ramakrishna BA

Placental morphology and cellular arrangement are altered in maternal diseases such as preeclampsia (PE) in which oxygen delivery from the mother to the fetus is greatly disturbed, ultimately resulting in...
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Suppression of in vitro murine T cell proliferation by human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells is dependent mainly on cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Kim JH, Lee YT, Hong JM, Hwang YI

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) of human origin have been frequently applied to experimental animal models to evaluate their immunomodulatory functions. MSCs are known to be activated by cytokines from T...
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Expression of carbonic anhydrase IX in human fetal joints, ligaments and tendons: a potential marker of mechanical stress in fetal development?

Kim JH, Parkkila S, Shibata S, Fujimiya M, Murakami G, Cho BH

Carbonic anhydrase type IX (CA9) is known to express in the fetal joint cartilage to maintain pH against hypoxia. Using paraffin-embedded histology of 10 human fetuses at 10-16 weeks of...
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Radiological anatomical consideration of conjoined nerve root with a case review

Oh CH, Park JS, Choi WS, Choi E, Ji GY

Nerve root anomalies are frequently underrecognized regardless of the advances in imaging studies; they are also underappreciated and underreported when encountered surgically. The classification of conjoined nerve roots is based...
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Vitamin C modulates lead excretion in rats

Lihm H, Kim H, Chang H, Yoon M, Lee K, Choi J

Lead, one of the most toxic heavy metals, takes longer time to be excreted from the body than other heavy metals. The purpose of this study is, by measuring lead...
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Ultrastructural immunolocalization of beta-defensin-27 in granulocytes of the dermis and wound epidermis of lizard suggests they contribute to the anti-microbial skin barrier

Alibardi L

The high resistance to infections in lizard wounds suggests that these reptiles possess effective antimicrobial peptides in their tissues. The present immunocytochemical study shows the cellular localization of beta-defensin 27...
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Ascorbic acid insufficiency induces the severe defect on bone formation via the down-regulation of osteocalcin production

Kim W, Bae S, Kim H, Kim Y, Choi J, Lim SY, Lee HJ, Lee J, Choi J, Jang M, Lee KE, Chung SG, Hwang YI, Kang JS, Lee WJ

The L-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase gene (Gulo) encodes an essential enzyme in the synthesis of ascorbic acid from glucose. On the basis of previous findings of bone abnormalities in Gulo-/- mice under...
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