J Neurogastroenterol Motil.  2018 Jul;24(3):367-386. 10.5056/jnm18071.

Role of Gut Microbiota-Gut Hormone Axis in the Pathophysiology of Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders

• Fukui H
• Xu X
• Miwa H

• KMID: 2417381
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5056/jnm18071

Abstract

Gut microbiota exert a pivotal influence on various functions including gastrointestinal (GI) motility, metabolism, nutrition, immunity, and the neuroendocrine system in the host. These effects are mediated by not only short-chain fatty acids produced by microbiota but also gut hormones and inflammatory signaling by enteroendocrine and immune cells under the influence of the microbiota. GI motility is orchestrated by the enteric nervous system and hormonal networks, and disturbance of GI motility plays an important role in the pathophysiology of functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). In this context, microbiota-associated mediators are considered to act on specific receptors, thus affecting the enteric nervous system and, subsequently, GI motility. Thus, the pathophysiology of FGIDs is based on alterations of the gut microbiota/gut hormone axis, which have crucial effects on GI motility.

Keyword

Enteric nervous system; Functional gastrointestinal disorders; Gastrointestinal hormones; Irritable bowel syndrome; Microbiome

MeSH Terms

Enteric Nervous System
Fatty Acids, Volatile
Gastrointestinal Diseases*
Gastrointestinal Hormones
Gastrointestinal Microbiome
Irritable Bowel Syndrome
Metabolism
Microbiota
Neurosecretory Systems
Fatty Acids, Volatile
Gastrointestinal Hormones