Korean J Intern Med.  2018 Jul;33(4):815-822. 10.3904/kjim.2016.062.

Metabolic syndrome: prevalence and risk factors in Korean gout patients

• Jung JH
• Song GG
• Ji JD
• Lee YH
• Kim JH
• Seo YH
• Choi SJ

• KMID: 2416009
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjim.2016.062

Abstract

BACKGROUND/AIMS
We performed this study to investigate associations between metabolic syndrome, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and gout.
METHODS
We reviewed the medical records of 151 patients with gout at the Department of Rheumatology in Korea University Ansan Hospital. The following measures were examined: waist circumference, blood pressure, alcohol consumption, and levels of triglyceride, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting serum glucose, serum uric acid (SUA), creatinine, insulin, and C-peptide. We assessed metabolic syndrome by the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) index and renal function by the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease equation; patients were classified according to World Health Organization Asia-Pacific obesity criteria.
RESULTS
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in gout patients (50.8%) was higher than in non-gout patients. The mean SUA level was significantly higher in gout patients with metabolic syndrome (9.13 ± 3.15 mg/dL) than in gout patients without metabolic syndrome (8.14 ± 2.07 mg/dL). The mean SUA level was also significantly higher in patients with gout and CKD (9.55 ± 2.86 mg/dL) than in patients with gout but no CKD (7.74 ± 2.27 mg/dL). In gout patients, HOMA-IR was positively correlated with waist circumference (r = 0.409, p = 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in patients with gout was 50.8%, which is higher than the prevalence in the general Korean population. Hyperuricemia in gout patients was correlated with metabolic syndrome and CKD. Insulin resistance may provide clues to better understand the relationship between metabolic syndrome, CKD, and gout.

Keyword

Metabolic syndrome; Gout; Renal insufficiency, chronic; Obesity, abdominal; Insulin resistance

MeSH Terms

Alcohol Drinking
Blood Glucose
Blood Pressure
C-Peptide
Cholesterol, HDL
Creatinine
Diet
Fasting
Gout*
Gyeonggi-do
Homeostasis
Humans
Hyperuricemia
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Korea
Medical Records
Obesity
Obesity, Abdominal
Prevalence*
Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
Rheumatology
Risk Factors*
Triglycerides
Uric Acid
Waist Circumference
World Health Organization
C-Peptide
Cholesterol, HDL
Creatinine
Insulin
Uric Acid