Nutr Res Pract.  2017 Feb;11(1):17-24. 10.4162/nrp.2017.11.1.17.

Gelidium amansii extract ameliorates obesity by down-regulating adipogenic transcription factors in diet-induced obese mice

• Kang JH
• Lee HA
• Kim HJ
• Han JS

• KMID: 2395289
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4162/nrp.2017.11.1.17

Abstract

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES
In this study, we investigated whether Gelidium amansii extract (GAE) ameliorates obesity in diet-induced obese (DIO) mice.
MATERIALS/METHODS
The mice were maintained on a high-fat diet (HD) for 5 weeks to generate the DIO mouse model. And then mice fed HD plus 0.5% (GAE1), 1% (GAE2) or 2% (GAE3) for 8 weeks.
RESULTS
After the experimental period, GAE-supplemented groups were significantly lower than the HD group in body weight gain and liver weight. GAE supplemented groups were significantly lower than the HD group in both epididymal and mesenteric adipose tissue mass. The plasma leptin level was significantly higher in the HD group than in GAE-supplemented groups. The leptin level of HD+GAE3 group was significantly lower than that of the HD+conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) group. In contrast, plasma adiponectin level of the HD group was significantly lower than those of HD+GAE2 and HD+GAE3 groups. The expression levels of adipogenic proteins such as fatty acid synthase, sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1c, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α in the GAE supplemented groups were significantly decreased than those in HD group, respectively. In addition, the expression levels of HD+GAE2 and HD+GAE3 groups are significantly decreased compared to those of HD+CLA group. On the contrary, the expression levels of hormone-sensitive lipase and phospho-AMP-activated protein kinase, proteins associated with lipolysis, were significantly increased in the GAE supplemented groups compared to those in the HD group. HD+GAE3 group showed the highest level among the GAE supplemented groups.
CONCLUSIONS
These results suggested that GAE supplementation stimulated the expressions of lipid metabolic factors and reduced weight gain in HD-fed C57BL/6J obese mice.

Keyword

Adipogenesis; obesity; C57BL; transcription; lipolysis

MeSH Terms

Adipogenesis
Adiponectin
Adipose Tissue
Animals
Body Weight
Carrier Proteins
Diet, High-Fat
Leptin
Linoleic Acid
Lipolysis
Liver
Mice
Mice, Obese*
Obesity*
Peroxisomes
Plasma
Protein Kinases
Sterol Esterase
Transcription Factors*
Weight Gain
Adiponectin
Carrier Proteins
Leptin
Linoleic Acid
Protein Kinases
Sterol Esterase
Transcription Factors

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Changes in body weight of C57BL/6J mice fed with experimental diets for 13 weeks.After one week of adaptation, eight mice were fed normal diet and forty mice received a high-fat diet for 5 weeks to induce obesity. The mice were divided into 6 groups that were fed with specific diets for a period of 8 weeks. ND, normal diet-fed mice; HD, high-fat diet-fed mice; HD+GAE1, high-fat diet plus GAE (0.5 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE2, high-fat diet plus GAE (1 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE3, high-fat diet plus GAE (2 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+CLA, high-fat diet plus CLA (0.75 g/100 g diet)-fed mice. Values represent the mean ± SD (n = 8).

• 

  Fig. 2 Effects of GAE supplementation on plasma leptin and adiponectin levelsND, normal diet-fed mice; HD, high-fat diet-fed mice; HD+CLA, high-fat diet plus CLA (0.75 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE1, high-fat diet plus GAE (0.5 g/100 g diet)-fedmice; HD+GAE2, high-fat diet plus GAE (1 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE3, high-fat diet plus GAE (2 g/100 g diet)-fed mice. Values represent the mean ± SD (n = 8). a-f Values denoted by different letters are significantly different among groups (P < 0.05).

• 

  Fig. 3 Effects of GAE supplementation on FAS, SREBP-1c, PPARγ, C/EBPα, HSL, and pAMPK expressions.Western blot signal intensities were determined by densitometric analysis using Multi Gauge V3.1 software. Representative blots of FAS, SREBP-1c, PPARγ, C/EBPα, HSL, and pAMPK protein expression are shown with protein expression levels quantified relative to the expression level observed in the ND group. ND, normal diet-fed mice; HD, high-fat diet-fed mice; HD+CLA, high-fat diet plus CLA (0.75 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE1, high-fat diet plus GAE (0.5 g/100 g diet)-fedmice; HD+GAE2, high-fat diet plus GAE (1 g/100 g diet)-fed mice; HD+GAE3, high-fat diet plus GAE (2 g/100 g diet)-fed mice. Values represent mean ± SD of experiments performed in triplicate. a-f Values denoted by different letters differ significantly (P < 0.5) among one another (Duncan's multiple range test).

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