J Nutr Health.  2017 Feb;50(1):85-97. 10.4163/jnh.2017.50.1.85.

Study on snack intakes in obese elementary students in Jeju city

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
  • 2Department of Physical Education, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
  • 3Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Medicine, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea. realist@jejunu.ac.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE
This study was conducted to investigate dietary habits related to weight reduction and snack intake habits of 4th to 5th grade elementary students located in Jeju-si, Jeju, South Korea.
METHODS
The 4(th) and 5(th) grade elementary school students (total n = 234, equally matched numbers of normal weight children and overweight/obese children (n = 117/group)) were surveyed using a questionnaire and a 24-hour dietary recall method in Oct 2015.
RESULTS
The percentage of students who experienced reduced food intake to control weight was 26.3% in the normal weight group (NG) and 77.6% in the obese group (OG). Most frequently answered meal for reduced intake was snacks in the NG and dinner in the OG. Percentages of daily calorie intake among subjects were 17.2% for breakfast, 33.8% for lunch, 29.7% for dinner, and 19.3% for snacks. Frequency of snack intake was 2.1 times a week in NG and 1.6 times a week in OG, which showed a statistical difference between body weight groups. Types of snack foods were distinctly different depending on where children consumed them, although no difference was observed between NG and OG. In addition, snack intake level of low energy and nutrient-dense foods was significantly lower in the OG compared to the NG, whereas snack intake level of energy dense and low-nutritive foods was not different between the OG and NG.
CONCLUSION
Taken together, snack intake level with consideration of frequency and amount of snack intake showed that children in the OG consumed significantly less low energy and nutrient-dense foods compared to the NG. Therefore, nutritional education for choosing healthy snack foods for children regardless of body weight status is crucial based on family-school links.

Keyword

elementary school students; obesity; snack intake; case control; Jeju

MeSH Terms

Body Weight
Breakfast
Case-Control Studies
Child
Eating
Education
Food Habits
Humans
Korea
Lunch
Meals
Methods
Obesity
Snacks*
Weight Loss

Cited by  1 articles

Relation of polyunsaturated fatty acid, n-3 fatty acid and n-6 fatty acid intakes and atopic dermatitis in the 9 ~ 11 year old children: KNHANES 2013 ~ 2015
Ji-Myung Kim
J Nutr Health. 2019;52(1):47-57.    doi: 10.4163/jnh.2019.52.1.47.


Reference

1. Ko YS. Abstracts of articles: characteristics of eating behavior of the long-lived elderly people in Jeju area. J Cheju Stud. 2003; 23:95–129.
2. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2014: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES VI-2). Cheongju: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2015.
3. World Health Organization 10 facts on obesity 2010. Geneva: World Health Organization;2014.
4. Ministry of Education (KR). School health examination survey 2014 [Internet]. Sejong: Ministry of Education;2015. 2015 Feb 11. Available from : http://www.moe.go.kr/.
5. Lee JB, Lee JO, Kim SW, Kang JH, Yang YJ. The prevalence and risk factors of childhood obesity in elementary students in Seoul. J Korean Acad Fam Med. 2000; 21(7):866–875.
6. Knittle JL. Obesity in childhood: a problem in adipose tissue cellular development. J Pediatr. 1972; 81(6):1048–1059.
Article
7. Lee DH. Assessment and treatment of childhood obesity. J Korean Pediatr Soc. 1996; 39(8):1055–1065.
8. Lee HK. Obesity and its associated diseases. Korean J Obes. 1992; 1(1):34–39.
9. Phillips SM, Bandini LG, Naumova EN, Cyr H, Colclough S, Dietz WH, Must A. Energy-dense snack food intake in adolescence: longitudinal relationship to weight and fatness. Obes Res. 2004; 12(3):461–472.
Article
10. van der Horst K, Oenema A, Ferreira I, Wendel-Vos W, Giskes K, van Lenthe F, Brug J. A systematic review of environmental correlates of obesity-related dietary behaviors in youth. Health Educ Res. 2007; 22(2):203–226.
Article
11. Baek S. Do obese children exhibit distinguishable behaviours from normal weight children?: based on literature review. Korean J Community Nutr. 2008; 13(3):386–395.
12. Lee YN, Yim KS, Lee SK, Mo S, Choi H. Diet-related factors of overweight adolescent girls. Korean J Community Nutr. 1996; 1(3):354–365.
13. Lee YJ, Chang KJ. A comparative study of obese children and normal children on dietary intake and environmental factors at an elementary school in Inchon. Korean J Community Nutr. 1999; 4(4):504–511.
14. Her ES. Association of Interpersonal relationships with preference and intake frequency of snack with a focus on obesity index and snack preparations in upper grade elementary school students. Korean J Food Nutr. 2015; 28(2):178–188.
Article
15. Choi MK, Bae YJ. Relation among snack intake, obesity index and blood parameters in obese elementary-school children. J East Asian Soc Diet Life. 2008; 18(4):489–498.
16. Choi JH, Cho SY, Heo BY. Seoul: Kyomonsa;1994.
17. Yang BM. The food and water consumption condition of the preschool children in Jeju by duplicated food collection [dissertation]. Jeju: Jeju National University;2004.
18. Park YS. Intake of snack by the elementary school children in Hansan-do area 1. Korean J Soc Food Cookery Sci. 2003; 19(1):96–106.
19. Lee KW, Lee HS, Lee MJ. A study on the eating behaviors of self-purchasing snack among elementary school students. Korean J Food Cult. 2005; 20(5):594–602.
20. Beak YM, Jung SJ, Beak HI, Cha YS. A study on eating out and snack intake of elementary school students living in Jeonbuk province. Korean J Hum Ecol. 2007; 10(2):77–87.
21. Cho EA, Lee SK, Heo GJ. Snack consumption behaviors and nutrition knowledge among elementary school students in Siheung-si. Korean J Community Nutr. 2010; 15(2):169–179.
22. Kang SA, Lee JW, Kim KE, Koo JO, Park DY. A study of the frequency of food purchase for snacking and its related ecological factors on elementary school children. Korean J Community Nutr. 2004; 9(4):453–463.
23. OH SJ. A comparative study of dietary behaviros of obese children and normal children in high grade students of elementary school in Jeju [dissertation]. Jeju: Jeju National University;2007.
24. Ko YS, Kang HY. A study of the major dish group, food group and meal contributing to sodium and nutrient intake in Jeju elementary and middle school students. J Nutr Health. 2014; 47(1):51–66.
Article
25. Ministry of Health and Welfare (KR). The Korean Nutrition Society. Dietary reference intakes for Koreans 2015. Sejong: Ministry of Health and Welfare;2016.
26. Kim OH, Park HA, Cho YG, Kim KW, Hur Y, Song JH, Kang JH. Health status and nutrient intakes of 5th grade elementary students in Seoul and Gyeonggi province. Korean J Community Nutr. 2010; 15(6):717–726.
27. Kim SA, Lee BH. Relationships between the nutrient intake status, dietary habits, academic stress and academic achievement in the elementary school children in Bucheon-si. Korean J Nutr. 2008; 41(8):786–796.
28. Lee JC, Kim MH. A study on dietary related factors and blood parameters of obese children residing in Samcheok. J Korean Diet Assoc. 2005; 11(2):190–204.
29. Yim KS, Yoon EY, Kim CI, Kim KT, Kim CI, Mo SM, Choi HM. Eating behavior, obesity and serum lipid levels in children. Korean J Nutr. 1993; 26(1):56–66.
30. Kim JY. Between-and within-individual variation in nutrient intake of the primary school children in Jeju [dissertation]. Jeju: Jeju National University;2001.
31. Kim BH, Choi JH. Perceived body image, intentional caloric restriction and physical manifestations of unbalanced nutrition according to body mass index in fifth and sixth grade elementary school students. J Korean Acad Child Health Nurs. 2009; 15(4):359–366.
Article
32. Ha SA, Lee SY, Kim KA, Seo JS, Sohn CM, Park HR, Kim KW. Eating habits, physical activity, nutrition knowledge, and self-efficacy by obesity status in upper-grade elementary school students. Nutr Res Pract. 2016; 10(6):597–605.
Article
33. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Korea Health Statistics 2010: Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES V-1). Cheongwon: Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;2011.
34. Kim Y, Chang H. Correlation between attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and sugar consumption, quality of diet, and dietary behavior in school children. Nutr Res Pract. 2011; 5(3):236–245.
Article
35. Livingstone MB, Robson PJ. Measurement of dietary intake in children. Proc Nutr Soc. 2000; 59(2):279–293.
Article
36. Chae PS. Study on the factor of dietary habit and snack intake of elementary schoolchild in Daegu [dissertation]. Gyeongsan: Daegu Haany University;2012.
Full Text Links
  • JNH
Actions
Cited
CITED
export Copy
Close
Share
  • Twitter
  • Facebook
Similar articles
Copyright © 2024 by Korean Association of Medical Journal Editors. All rights reserved.     E-mail: koreamed@kamje.or.kr