Exp Mol Med.
2016 Nov;48(11):e272. 10.1038/emm.2016.103.
Aldehyde dehydrogenase is used by cancer cells for energy metabolism
- Affiliations
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- 1Cancer Cell and Molecular Biology Branch, National Cancer Center, Research Institute, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea. kimsooyoul@gmail.com
- 2Cancer Immunology Branch, National Cancer Center, Research Institute, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
- 3Center for Theragnosis, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
- 4Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea.
- 5Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Genomic Instability Research Center, Suwon, Korea.
- 6Department of Biomedical Sciences, The Graduate School, Ajou University, Suwon, Korea.
- 7Omics Core Laboratory, National Cancer Center, Research Institute, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
- KMID: 2362296
- DOI: http://doi.org/10.1038/emm.2016.103
Abstract
- We found that non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells express high levels of multiple aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH) isoforms via an informatics analysis of metabolic enzymes in NSCLC and immunohistochemical staining of NSCLC clinical tumor samples. Using a multiple reaction-monitoring mass spectrometry analysis, we found that multiple ALDH isozymes were generally abundant in NSCLC cells compared with their levels in normal IMR-90 human lung cells. As a result of the catalytic reaction mediated by ALDH, NADH is produced as a by-product from the conversion of aldehyde to carboxylic acid. We hypothesized that the NADH produced by ALDH may be a reliable energy source for ATP production in NSCLC. This study revealed that NADH production by ALDH contributes significantly to ATP production in NSCLC. Furthermore, gossypol, a pan-ALDH inhibitor, markedly reduced the level of ATP. Gossypol combined with phenformin synergistically reduced the ATP levels, which efficiently induced cell death following cell cycle arrest.
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