Invasion Suppressor Role of E-Cadherin in Epithelial Cancer Cell Lines

Roh, Joo Young; Lee, Chong Ju

Abstract

BACKGROUND
The generation of the invasiveness in transfromed cells represents an essential step of tumor progression. The primary cause of the scattering of the cells in invasive carcinoma is a loss of the integrity of the intercellular adherens junction often involving loss of a functional cell-cell adhesion molecule E-cadherin. Therefore, the perturbation of E-cadherin function causes diaggregation of tumor cells and may promote the invasion and metastases.
OBJECTIVE
The reduction in E-cadherin activity seems to correlate with the infiltrative ability of tumor cells. The purpose of this study was to compare the E-cadherin expression among different cell lines which were normal to undifferentiated and to check the virtual relationaship between E-cadherin and invasiveness.
METHODS
We used 5 cell lines, HaCaT, A431, C3, SiHa and HeLa cell. To check the expression patterns and amounts of E-cadherin in each cell line, immunofluorescence staining, Western blot anlysis and Northern blot analysis were done. An in vitro invasion assay using the collagen gel and MRC-5 fibroblast under the influence of HECD-1 antibody which block the E-cadherin function was done to measure the invasiveness of tumor cells. Collagenase activity in culture supernatants of each cell were analyzed by zymography.
RESULTS
Immunofluorescence staining revealed a homogenously well preserved pattern in HaCat, A431, C3 cells. SiHa cells showed patch distribution but HeLa cells did not express the E-cadherin. Western blot analysis and Northern blot results largely corresponded with the immunofluorescence results. The in vitro invasion assay revealed invasion into the collagen matrix of the HeLa cells. When HECD-1 antibody was added to the medium, other cells showed partially disrupted stratification. The collagenolytic activity at 72 kDa sixe was detected in the HeLa cell line only.
CONCLUSION
There is an inverse relationship between E-cadherin expression and tumor invasion. Therefore, through their regulation of cell adhesion and motility, cadherin plays a crucial role in the suppression of tumor invasion and metastasis.