Tuberc Respir Dis.  2010 Dec;69(6):442-449.

The Clinical Implication of MAGE Gene Detection in Bronchial Washing Fluid in Routine Practice

• Lee SJ
• Yun MJ
• Lee ST
• Oh HJ
• Song SH
• Sohn I
• Kim YJ
• Han KH
• Kim SH
• Kim SH

Abstract

BACKGROUND
Melanoma antigen genes (MAGE) are expressed in many human malignant cells and are silent in normal tissues other than in testis and in placenta. But MAGE expression in benign lung diseases, such as pulmonary tuberculosis or cases with severe inflammation, needs further evaluation to overcome false-positive findings. We evaluated detection rates of the melanoma antigen genes (MAGE) RT-nested PCR in bronchoscopic washing samples from patients with benign lung disease, as well as in patients with malignancies.
METHODS
Bronchial washing fluid from 122 patients was used for cytological examination and MAGE gene detection using RT-nested-PCR of common A1-6 mRNA. We compared the results from the RT-nested PCR and the pathologic or bacteriologic diagnosis. We also analyzed the expression rate and false positive rate of MAGE gene.
RESULTS
Among 122 subjects, lung cancer was diagnosed in 23 patients and benign lung disease was diagnosed in 99 patients. In patients with lung cancer, the positive rate of MAGE expression was 47.8% (11/23) and in benign lung disease group, the expression rate was 14.1% (14/99). Among benign lung disease group, the expression rate of MAGE gene (25.0%) in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis (11/44) was especially high.
CONCLUSION
MAGE A1-6 RT-nested PCR of bronchial washing fluid can be used as a complementary method in lung cancer, but that test results in a high false positive rate in tuberculosis patients.

Keyword

Melanoma Antigen Gene; Bronchial Washing Fluid; Tuberculosis; Lung Neoplasms

MeSH Terms

Humans
Inflammation
Lung Diseases
Lung Neoplasms
Melanoma
Placenta
Polymerase Chain Reaction
RNA, Messenger
Testis
Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary
RNA, Messenger

Figure

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  Figure 1 Amplification of MAGE A1-6 genes and GAPDH gene from patients with Anthracotic nodule (1), NTM lung disease (2), Adenocarcinoma (3), Pneumonia, MRSA (4), Aspergilloma (5), Pulmonary TB (6), Benign tumor (7) and BOOP (8). MAGE gene were amplified by RT-nested PCR, and GAPD gene by RT-PCR. M: size marker; P: positive control; N: negative control; MAGE: melanoma antigen genes; GAPDH: glyceraldehydes phosphate dehydrogenase.

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