Cancer Res Treat.  2007 Jun;39(2):69-73.

Detection of Lung Cancer using MAGE A1-6 and SSX4 RT-PCR Expression Profiles in the Bronchial Wash Fluid

Affiliations
  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea.
  • 2Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Daegu, Korea.
  • 3Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
  • 4Department of Laboratory Medicine, College of Medicine, Catholic University of Daegu, Daegu, Korea. chjeon@cu.ac.kr

Abstract

PURPOSE: Bronchial wash fluid may be a useful for detecting lung cancer. To increase the detection rates, we performed molecular analysis with using MAGE A1-6 and SSX4 RT-PCR on bronchial wash fluid specimens.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We obtained 57 lung cancer tissue specimens by bronchoscopic biopsy and 131 bronchial washes from 96 patients with lung cancer and 35 patients with benign lung diseases. The MAGE A1-6 and SSX4 gene expressions were investigated in the cancer tissue specimens and bronchial wash fluids. We evaluated the positive detection rates of these methods according to the cytology results and the clinical findings.
RESULTS
For the cancer tissue specimens and the bronchial wash fluid, the positive detection rate of MAGE or SSX4 was 91.2% and 75.0%, respectively. Combined MAGE and SSX4 PCR and cytology tests showed an 83.3% detection rate for the bronchial wash fluid. From bronchial washes of patients with benign lung diseases, the positive rates of using MAGE or SSX4 was 11.4%. In the bronchial wash fluid of lung cancer patients, 66.7% of the peripheral cancers were detected by MAGE or SSX4, while examination with cytology did not detect any peripheral lung cancer.
CONCLUSION
The application of both MAGE and SSX4 showed high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of lung cancer. Thus, MAGE and SSX4 RT-PCR may be effectively utilized as additional methods to improve detection of lung cancer with using bronchial wash fluids.

Keyword

MAGE; SSX; Cytology; Bronchial wash

MeSH Terms

Biopsy
Gene Expression
Humans
Lung Diseases
Lung Neoplasms*
Lung*
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Sensitivity and Specificity

Figure

  • Fig. 1 Amplification of MAGE A1-6 (A), SSX4 (B) and GAPD (C) from ten (1~10) bronchial wash specimens of lung cancer patients. P=positive control, N=negative control.

  • Fig. 2 The positive detection rates of cytology, MAGE A1-6 and SSX4 with using bronchial wash fluids of lung cancer patients were evaluated by the T stage. *Statistically different detection rates (p<0.05) were observed at each T stage when cytology was compared with the other tests, †Cytology, MAGE and SSX4.

  • Fig. 3 The positive detection rates of cytology, MAGE and SSX4 with using the bronchial wash fluids from lung cancer patients were analyzed by cancer locations. *Statistically different detection rates (p<0.05) compared with cytologic examination were observed according to the cancer location, †Cytology, MAGE and SSX4.


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