Effect of Dried Powders or Ethanol Extracts of Garlic Flesh and Peel on Lipid Metabolism and Antithrombogenic Capacity in 16-Month-Old Rats

Shin, Sung Hee; Kim, Mi Kyong

Abstract

This study was performed to investigate effect of dried powders and ethanol extracts of garlic flesh and peel on lipid metabolism and antithrombogenic capacity in 16-month-old rats. Forty Sprague-Dawley male rats weighing 618.1 +/- 6.5 g were blocked into five groups according to body weight and raised for 3 months with control and experimental diets containing 5% (w/w) of dried powders of garlic flesh or peel, or ethanol extracts from equal amount of each dried powder and control diet. Plasma and liver total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol, and plasma HDL-cholesterol, thromboxane B2 (TXB2), 6-keto- prostaglandin F1alpha (6-keto-PGF1alpha) concentrations were measured. Total, insoluble and soluble dietary fibers contents were highest in peel powder followed by fresh powder, and those in ethanol extracts of flesh and peel, especially soluble, very low. Plasma and liver total lipids, triglyceride, and total cholesterol concentrations were lower in all the garlic experimental groups compared to Especially, flesh and peel powder lowered plasma total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations markedly, and flesh powder and flesh ethanol extract lowered liver total lipids, triglyceride and total cholesterol concentration remarkably. Plasma TXB2 concentrations in garlic experimental groups were lower than that of control group, and 6-keto-PGF1alpha concentrations. In garlic experimental groups were higher than that of control group. Flesh ethanol extract group showed the lowest TXB2 and the highest 6-keto-PGF1alpha concentrations among experimental groups, so TXB2/6-keto-PGF1alpha ratio in flesh ethanol extract group was significantly lower than that of control group. Moreover, clotting time was significantly increased in flesh ethanol extract group as compared to control group. In conclusion, intakes of dried powders and ethanol extracts of garlic flesh and peel were effective in lowering lipid levels of liver and plasma. And also flesh ethanol extract diet was most effective in antithrombogenic activity among garlic experimental groups as TXB2/6-keto- PGF1alpha ratio in flesh ethanol extract group was significantly lower and clotting time was significantly increased in this group as compared to control group.