Korean J Med.  2015 Oct;89(4):404-412. 10.3904/kjm.2015.89.4.404.

Extrapancreatic Effect of Glucagon like Peptide-1

• Jeong IK

• KMID: 2268972
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3904/kjm.2015.89.4.404

Abstract

Glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) is an intestinal L cell derived incretin hormone which stimulates insulin secretion of beta cell and inhibits glucagon secretion of alpha cell of pancreatic islets. GLP-1 receptors are located in pancreas as well as in a wide variety of tissue such as gastrointestinal tract, heart, blood vessel, lung, brain, kidney, and bone. Therefore GLP-1 and GLP-1 based treatment have multiple extrapancreatic effects which are inhibition of gastrointestinal motility, reduction of appetite, weight loss, increase of cardiac output, cardiovascular protection, neuroprotection, renoprotection, and increase of bone mineral density. Recently, besides GLP-1 receptor dependent pathway, GLP-1 receptor independent pathway has been identified in the extrapancreatic effect of GLP-1 in liver, adipose tissue, muscle, cardiovascular system. This review provides an overview of the pleiotropic effect of GLP-1 in the extrapancreatic organ through review of animal and clinical research.

Keyword

Glucagon-like peptide 1; Cardiovascular system; Gastrointestinal system; Brain; Kidney

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Animals
Appetite
Blood Vessels
Bone Density
Brain
Cardiac Output
Cardiovascular System
Enteroendocrine Cells
Gastrointestinal Motility
Gastrointestinal Tract
Glucagon*
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Heart
Incretins
Insulin
Islets of Langerhans
Kidney
Liver
Lung
Pancreas
Weight Loss
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
Glucagon
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Incretins
Insulin