Ann Pediatr Endocrinol Metab.  2017 Mar;22(1):15-26. 10.6065/apem.2017.22.1.15.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in the treatment of type 2 diabetes

• Lee S
• Lee DY

• KMID: 2409795
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.6065/apem.2017.22.1.15

Abstract

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes (T2D) is increasing worldwide. Patients with T2D suffer from various diabetes-related complications. Since there are many patients with T2D that cannot be controlled by previously developed drugs, it has been necessary to develop new drugs, one of which is a glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) based therapy. GLP-1 has been shown to ameliorate diabetes-related conditions by augmenting pancreatic β-cell insulin secretion and having the low risk of causing hypoglycemia. Because of a very short half-life of GLP-1, many researches have been focused on the development of GLP-1 receptor (GLP-1R) agonists with long half-lives such as exenatide and dulaglutide. Now GLP-1R agonists have a variety of dosing-cycle forms to meet the needs of various patients. In this article, we review the physiological features of GLP-1, the effects of GLP-1 on T2D, the features of several GLP-1R agonists, and the therapeutic effect on T2D.

Keyword

Type 2 diabetes; Glucagon-like peptide-1; Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor; GLP-1R agonist; GLP-1R agonist clinical trials

MeSH Terms

Diabetes Complications
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1*
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor*
Half-Life
Humans
Hypoglycemia
Insulin
Prevalence
Glucagon-Like Peptide 1
Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor
Insulin

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Physiological effect of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) in peripheral tissues. Interaction between GLP-1 and GLP-1 receptor cause majority of the effect of GLP-1. BAT, brown adipose tissue.

• 

  Fig. 2 Amino acid sequence of glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and GLP-1 receptor agonists, exenatide, liraglutide, albiglutide and dulaglutide. Modified amino acids are highlighted in red.

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