Korean J Otorhinolaryngol-Head Neck Surg.  2016 Feb;59(2):110-119. 10.3342/kjorl-hns.2016.59.2.110.

Measurement of the Mechanical Deformation of Organ of Corti in a Model of Acute Endolymphatic Hydrops

• Lee SH
• Kalinec F

• KMID: 2155057
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3342/kjorl-hns.2016.59.2.110

Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Endolymphatic hydrops has been considered as an important histologic substrate of Meniere's disease. A permanent displacement of basilar membrane (BM) by increased endolymphatic pressure has been thought to be an explanation for hearing change. Direct observation of histological sections of temporal bones, however, suggested that stereocilia and tectorial membrane decoupling is more associated with pressure induced by mechanical deformation of the organ of Corti rather than with the displacement of BM. METERIALS AND METHOD: 26 cochleae from 13 female pigmented ginea pigs were harvested. One cochlea per each animal was injected with artificial perilymph. The other one was used as control. After fixation, followed by embedding and mid-modiolar sectionning, specimens were observed with a microscope. Morphometric parameters of each row and turn of the organ of Corti were measured and quantified.
RESULTS
The average area and height of the organ of Corti were significantly smaller in the apical turn of the experimental group (p<0.05). The lengths of outer hair cell and Deiters cell in the apical turn were also significantly reduced in the experimental group (p<0.05). The angle between the outer hair cell and Deiters cell was smaller in the apex and in the 3rd turn of the experimental group (p<0.05).
CONCLUSION
Results show that compression and deformation of the organ of Corti, especially in the apical turn, is a prominent feature in the acute endolymphatic hydrops model. We suggest that the deformation of organ of Corti is the primary cause of hydrops that induce the decoupling of tectorial membrane and stereocilia rather than the displacement of BM.

Keyword

Artificial endolymph injection; Endolymphatic hydrops; Guinea pigs; Histopathology; Meniere's disease

MeSH Terms

Animals
Basilar Membrane
Cochlea
Edema
Endolymphatic Hydrops*
Female
Guinea Pigs
Hair
Hearing
Humans
Meniere Disease
Organ of Corti*
Perilymph
Stereocilia
Swine
Tectorial Membrane
Temporal Bone