Korean J Anesthesiol.  2001 Apr;40(4):515-521. 10.4097/kjae.2001.40.4.515.

Comparison of Poloxamer-407 to Soybean Oil as an Emulsifying Agent for Propofol: Histamine Release and Plasma Lipid Levels

• Lee HH
• Kil HY
• Han TH
• Park H
• Shin SI
• Yang HJ
• Kim MK
• Kim DW

• KMID: 2091604
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4097/kjae.2001.40.4.515

Abstract

BACKGROUND: To reduce side effects (hyperlipidemia, pain on injection, etc.) of the present formation of propofol, many attempts to change the emulsifying agent for propofol have been tried. This study was designed to examine the poloxamer-407 as an emulsifying agent for propofol compared to soybean oil regarding histamine release and plasma lipid levels.
METHODS
Twelve Beagle dogs weighing 12 - 16 kg were randomly assigned to one of two groups according to the formulation of propofol. Group 1 received Diprivan propofol 1% (AstraZeneca Co. UK), and group 2 received poloxamer-407 formulated propofol by a continuous intravenous infusion at 30 mg/kg/h for 3 hours. Three, 6, 9 and 12 hours after discontinuing the propofol infusion, venous blood samples from the cranial tibial vein were analysed by an ELISA kit for the histamine level. Also, blood lipid levels were checked 3 hours after the infusion and blood propofol concentration were checked every hour during the infusion.
RESULTS
Group 2 showed significantly less histamine release than group 1 at 3, 6 and 9 hours after the infusion (P < 0.05). In the plasma lipid study, there was no difference in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) between the two groups, but triglyceride and cholesterol were significantly higher in group 2 (P < 0.05). There was no difference in propofol concentrations between the two groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Poloxamer-407 as an emulsifying agent for propofol showed no advantage compared to a present formulation regarding hyperlipidemia, and even decreased the histamine level.

Keyword

Allergy: anaphylaxis; histamine; Anesthetics, intravenous: propofol; Complications: hematology; hyperlipidemia; Research: poloxamer-407

MeSH Terms

Animals
Cholesterol
Dogs
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
Histamine Release*
Histamine*
Hyperlipidemias
Infusions, Intravenous
Lipoproteins
Plasma*
Propofol*
Soybean Oil*
Soybeans*
Triglycerides
Veins
Cholesterol
Histamine
Lipoproteins
Propofol
Soybean Oil