Korean J Clin Microbiol.  1999 Sep;2(2):182-193.

In Vitro Activities of Cefatrizine/clavulanic Acid Against Major Clinical Isolates of Bacteria

• Chung JL
• Kim YA
• Shin HB
• Shin JW
• Lee KW
• Chong YS
• Park JH
• Kim WB

Abstract

BACKGROUND: beta-lactam antibiotics are one of the most frequently used antimicrobial agents. However, with the increase of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria, penicillins arid 1 st generation cephalosporins have become less useful. Cefatrizine and clavulanic acid combination (CTCA) was developed to restore the activity. The aim of this study was to determine the activities of CTCA against major recent clinical isolates.
METHODS
Aerobic and anaerobic bacteria tested were isolated from clinical specimens in Severance Hospital during 1996 to 1999. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the NCCLS agar dilution methods.
RESULTS
MICs of cefatrizine (CT) and CTCA were similar for methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes and S. pneumoniae. For Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis, MIC90 CTCA was 1 microgram/mL, which was 1/8-fold lower than that of cefatrizine. MIC90S of CTCA for Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae were 4 microgram/mL and 8 microgram/mL, respectively, which were 1/4- to 1/16-fold lower than those of CT. However, it was less active against Citrobacter freundii, Enterobacter cloacae and Serratia marcescens. Against Bacteroides fragilis group organisms, it showed good activities similar to those of other beta-lactam and beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations.
CONCLUSIONS
CTCA showed good antimicrobial activities against M. (B.) catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenzae, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, extended spectrum beta-lactamase-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris and B. fragilis. In conclusion, it would be useful for the treatment of infections due to those organisms, and for the empirical treatment of respiratory and urinary tract infections.

Keyword

Cefatrizine; Cefatrizine/clavulanic acid; Antimicrobial susceptibility

MeSH Terms

Agar
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Bacteria*
Bacteria, Anaerobic
Bacteroides fragilis
beta-Lactamases
Cefatrizine
Cephalosporins
Citrobacter freundii
Clavulanic Acid
Enterobacter cloacae
Escherichia coli
Haemophilus influenzae
Klebsiella pneumoniae
Moraxella (Branhamella) catarrhalis
Neisseria gonorrhoeae
Penicillins
Pneumonia
Proteus vulgaris
Serratia marcescens
Staphylococcus aureus
Streptococcus pyogenes
Urinary Tract Infections
Agar
Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents
Cefatrizine
Cephalosporins
Clavulanic Acid
Penicillins
beta-Lactamases