Immune Netw.  2009 Apr;9(2):41-45. 10.4110/in.2009.9.2.41.

Regulation of Immune Responses by the Activating and Inhibitory Myeloid-Associate Immunoglobuline-Like Receptors (MAIR) (CD300)

• Shibuya A
• Nakahashi-Oda C
• Tahara-Hanaoka S

• KMID: 1474593
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4110/in.2009.9.2.41

Abstract

Activating and inhibitory cell surface receptors play important roles in regulation of immune responses. Recent progress has demonstrated that many inhibitory receptors pair with activating, as well as inhibitory, isoforms, both of whose genes are located in small clusters on a chromosome. We and others identified paired activating and inhibitory immunoglobulin-like receptors, designated myeloid-associated immunoglobulin-like receptors (MAIR) (CD300). MAIR is a multigene family consisting of nine genes on a small segment of mouse chromosome 11. MAIR family receptors are preferentially expressed on myeloid cells, including macrophages, dendritic cells, granulocytes, and bone-marrow-derived cultured mast cells, and a subset of B cells and regulate activation of these cells. Thus, MAIR plays an important role in innate immunity mediated by myeloid cells.

Keyword

MAIR; CD300; activating receptor; inhibitory receptor

MeSH Terms

Animals
B-Lymphocytes
Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11
Dendritic Cells
Granulocytes
Humans
Immunity, Innate
Macrophages
Mast Cells
Mice
Multigene Family
Myeloid Cells
Protein Isoforms
Receptors, Cell Surface
Protein Isoforms
Receptors, Cell Surface

Figure

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  Figure 1 Molecular characteristics of MAIR. MAIR family receptors belong to immunoglobulin superfamily with one immunoglobulin domain in the extracellular portion. MAIR-I and MAIR-II and MAIR-V and MAIR-IV are paired inhibitory and activating receptors, respectively, with high homology in the extracellular portion each other. MAIR-I and MAIR-V contain immunoreceptor tyrosine-based inhibitory motif (ITIM) in their cytoplasmic domains and mediate inhibitory signals. MAIR-II and MAIR-IV associates immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activating motif (ITAM)-bearing adaptor transmembrane proteins Fc RI or DAP12 and mediate activation signals.

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  Figure 2 Gene localization of MAIR family. Mouse and human MAIR family genes are mapped on chromosome 11 and 17, respectively.

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  Figure 3 Molecular phylogenetic tree of MAIR gene family. Phylogenetic analysis of the MAIR family genes was performed by using the UPGMA method of GENETYX-MAC software (Software develoment, Tokyo, Japan). MAIR-II, MAIR-III, MAIR-VII and MAIR-VIII contained a charged amino acid in the transmembrane portion, and some of them associate with ITAM-bearing adaptor. MAIR-I and MAIR-V contains ITIM in the cytoplasmic portion.

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