Korean J Physiol Pharmacol.  2013 Apr;17(2):163-167. 10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.2.163.

Effect of Cholera Toxin Administered Supraspinally or Spinally on the Blood Glucose Level in Pain and D-Glucose Fed Animal Models

• Sim YB
• Park SH
• Kang YJ
• Kim SS
• Kim CH
• Kim SJ
• Jung JS
• Ryu OH
• Choi MG
• Choi SS
• Suh HW

• KMID: 1429388
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4196/kjpp.2013.17.2.163

Abstract

In the present study, the effect of intrathecal (i.t.) or intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration with cholera toxin (CTX) on the blood glucose level was examined in ICR mice. The i.t. treatment with CTX alone for 24 h dose-dependently increased the blood glucose level. However, i.c.v. treatment with CTX for 24 h did not affect the blood glucose level. When mice were orally fed with D-glucose (2 g/kg), the blood glucose level reached to a maximum level at 30 min and almost returned to the control level at 120 min after D-glucose feeding. I.c.v. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in a potentiative manner, whereas i.t. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in an additive manner in a D-glucose fed group. In addition, the blood glucose level was increased in formalin-induced pain animal model. I.c.v. pretreatment with CTX enhanced the blood glucose level in a potentiative manner in formalin-induced pain animal model. On the other hand, i.t. pretreatment with CTX increased the blood glucose level in an additive manner in formalin-induced pain animal model. Our results suggest that CTX administered supraspinally or spinally differentially modulates the regulation of the blood glucose level in D-glucose fed model as well as in formalin-induced pain model.

Keyword

Blood glucose; Brain; Cholera toxin; Pain; Spinal cord

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Glucose
Brain
Cholera
Cholera Toxin
Glucose
Hand
Mice
Mice, Inbred ICR
Models, Animal
Spinal Cord
Blood Glucose
Cholera Toxin
Glucose

Figure

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  Fig. 1 Effect of i.t. or i.c.v. administration with CTX on the blood glucose level. Various doses of CTX (from 0.05 to 0.5µg/5µl) were pretreated i.t. (A) or i.c.v. (B) for 24 h. The blood glucose level was measured after 24 h after CTX pretreatment. The vertical bars indicate the standard error of mean (**p<0.01, ***p<0.001; compared to saline group).

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  Fig. 2 Effect of i.t. or i.c.v. administration with CTX on the blood glucose level in D-glucose fed model. Mice were pretreated either i.t. (A) or i.c.v. (B) with CTX (from 0.05 to 0.5µg/5µl) for 24 h. The blood glucose level was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min after either saline or D-glucose (2 g/kg) was fed orally. The data were analyzed by area under the curve (C, D). The vertical bars indicate the standard error of mean (*p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; compared D-Glucose (D.G)+saline group).

• 

  Fig. 3 Effect of i.t. or i.c.v. administration with CTX on the blood glucose level in formalin-induced pain model. Mice were pretreated either i.t. (A) or i.c.v. (B) with CTX (0.5µg/5µl) for 24 h. And then, mice were treated with formalin into the plantar of the hindpaw. The blood glucose level was measured at 30, 60, and 120 min right after the formalin injection. The data were analyzed by area under the curve (C, D). The vertical bars indicate the standard error of mean (*p<0.05, **p<0.01; compared+saline group).

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