J Korean Med Sci.  2001 Aug;16(4):386-390. 10.3346/jkms.2001.16.4.386.

Effect of High Fat Diet on Insulin Resistance: Dietary Fat Versus Visceral Fat Mass

• Park SY
• Kim YW
• Kim JY
• Jang EC
• Doh KO
• Lee SK

• KMID: 648294
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2001.16.4.386

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to determine whether chronic high-fat diet (HF) induces insulin resistance independently of obesity. We randomly divided 40 rats into two groups and fed them either with a HF or with a high-carbohydrate diet (HC) for 8 weeks. Whole body glucose disappearance rate (Rd) was measured using a euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamp. Firstly, we defined whether insulin resistance by HF was associated with obesity. Plasma glucose and triglyceride concentrations were significantly increased in HF. Rd was decreased (10.6+/-0.2 vs. 9.1+/-0.2 mg/kg/min in HC and HF, respectively) and the hepatic glucose output rate (HGO) was increased in HF (2.2+/-0.3 vs. 4.5+/-0.2 mg/kg/min in HC and HF, respectively). Rd was significantly correlated with %VF (p<0.01). These results implicate that visceral obesity is associated with insulin resistance induced by HF. In addition, to define whether dietary fat induces insulin resistance regardless of visceral obesity, we compared Rd and HGO between groups 1) after matching %VF in both groups and 2) using an ANCOVA to adjust for %VF. After matching %VF, Rd in HF was significantly decreased by 14% (p<0.001) and HGO was significantly increased by 110% (p<0.001). Furthermore, statistical analyses using an ANCOVA also showed Rd for HF was significantly decreased even after adjusting %VF. In conclusion, we suggest that dietary fat per se could induce insulin resistance in rats fed with chronic HF independently of obesity.

Keyword

Dietary Fats; Glucose Clamp Technique; Obesity; Insulin Resistance; Rats

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue/*pathology
Animal
Dietary Carbohydrates/administration &age
Dietary Fats/*administration &age
Fatty Acids, Nonesterified/metabolism
Female
*Insulin Resistance
Obesity/etiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
Viscera