J Korean Diabetes.  2018 Dec;19(4):237-245. 10.4093/jkd.2018.19.4.237.

Blood Sugar Control and Low-Carbohydrate High-Fat Diet

• Kang EH

• KMID: 2442363
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4093/jkd.2018.19.4.237

Abstract

Diabetes patients and pre-diabetic patients are increasing worldwide. Type 2 diabetes starts with insulin resistance, and the long-term habit of stimulating insulin secretions causes insulin resistance and accumulates body fat to develop obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver into diabetes. It also causes a variety of chronic diseases such as high blood pressure, polycystic ovary diseases, cancer and dementia. Insulin resistance is caused by an unbalanced lifestyle, and among other factors, the balance of the macronutrient is a very important factor. Koreans are characterized by high carbohydrate intake. Given the increasing prevalence of diabetes and the characteristics of Korean physical and eating habits, a more effective balance of diet education is needed. Therefore, it is very important for clinical dietitian to understand the carbohydrate and fat metabolism caused by insulin, and the concept of balanced diet for blood sugar control needs to be shifted from low-fat high-carbohydrate diet to low-carbohydrate high-fat diet.

Keyword

Body fat; High-carbohydrate diet; Insulin; Insulin resistance; Lipoprotein lipase; Low-fat diet; Type 2 diabetes

MeSH Terms

Adipose Tissue
Blood Glucose*
Chronic Disease
Dementia
Diet
Diet, Fat-Restricted
Diet, High-Fat*
Eating
Education
Fatty Liver
Female
Humans
Hypertension
Insulin
Insulin Resistance
Life Style
Lipoprotein Lipase
Metabolism
Nutritionists
Obesity
Ovary
Prevalence
Blood Glucose
Insulin
Lipoprotein Lipase

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Metabolism of circulating triacylglycerol (TG)-rich lipoproteins by endothelial lipoprotein lipase (LPL), resulting in the formation of free fatty acids (FFA) and 2-monoacylglycerol (2-MG) for tissue utilization. Adapted from the article of Braun and Severson (Biochem J 1992;287:337-47) [36] with original copyright holder's permission. VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; IDL, intermediate-density lipoprotein; LDL, low-density lipoprotein.

• 

  Fig. 2 Overview of fatty acid and glucose metabolism in white adipose tissue. Adapted from the book of Frayn (Metabolic regulation: a human perspective. 3rd ed. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell; 2010) [23] with original copyright holder's permission. VLDL, very low-density lipoprotein; TAG, triacylglycerol; LPL, lipoprotein lipase.

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