J Korean Med Sci.  2010 Jul;25(7):1053-1059. 10.3346/jkms.2010.25.7.1053.

Differential Effects of High-carbohydrate and High-fat Diet Composition on Muscle Insulin Resistance in Rats

• Chun MR
• Lee YJ
• Kim KH
• Kim YW
• Park SY
• Lee KM
• Kim JY
• Park YK

• KMID: 1792956
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.3346/jkms.2010.25.7.1053

Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate whether the composition of carbohydrate or fat diet affects insulin resistance by measuring the muscle glucose transport rate. Both high-sucrose and high-starch diet with or without high-fat decreased insulin-stimulated glucose transport, but there were no significant differences among groups. Calorie intake in both high-sucrose and high-starch diet groups was higher than in chow group. The high-fat high-sucrose diet induced decrease in insulin-stimulated glucose transport was partially improved by supplement with fish oil. Calorie intake in high-fat high-sucrose and fish oil supplemented groups was higher than in chow group. The decreased insulin-stimulated glucose transport was accompanied by the increase in visceral fat mass, plasma triglyceride and insulin levels. These changes were improved by the supplement with fish oil. These results demonstrate that the composition of fat in diet is clearly instrumental in the induction of muscle insulin resistance. However, in high carbohydrate diet, it is likely that the amount of calorie intake may be a more important factor in causing insulin resistance than the composition of carbohydrate. Thus, the compositions of carbohydrate and fat in diet differentially affect on muscle insulin resistance.

Keyword

Glucose Ttransport; High-fat Diet; High-starch Diet; High-sucrose Diet; Fish Oils

MeSH Terms

Animals
Blood Glucose/metabolism
Body Weight
Diet
Dietary Carbohydrates/*pharmacology
Dietary Fats/*pharmacology
Dietary Supplements
Energy Intake/drug effects
Fish Oils/pharmacology
Insulin/blood
Insulin Resistance/*physiology
Intra-Abdominal Fat/drug effects/metabolism
Male
Muscle, Skeletal/*drug effects/physiology
Rats
Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Figure

• 

  Fig. 1 Basal and insulin (2 mU/mL) stimulated glucose transport of the epitrochlearis and soleus muscles in high-starch (HT), high-sucrose (HS), high-fat high-starch (HFHT), and high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) diet fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group. (A) glucose transport in chow, HT, and HS diet groups. (B) glucose transport in chow, HFHT, and HFHS diet groups.

• 

  Fig. 2 Visceral fat pad mass in chow, high-starch (HT), high-sucrose (HS), high-fat high-starch (HFHT) and high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group. BW, body weight.

• 

  Fig. 3 Plasma glucose, insul in, and triglycerides concentrations in chow, high-fat high starch (HFHT), and high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.05 vs. chow diet fed group; †P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group.

• 

  Fig. 4 Basal and insulin (2 mU/mL) stimulated glucose transport of the epitrochlearis and soleus muscles in chow, high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS), and HFHS+fish oil (FO) diet fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.05 vs. chow diet fed group; †P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group; ‡P<0.05 vs. HFHS diet fed group.

• 

  Fig. 5 Visceral fat pad mass in chow, high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS), and HFHS+fish oil (FO) diet fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group; †P<0.05 vs. HFHS diet fed group. BW, body weight.

• 

  Fig. 6 Plasma glucose, insulin, and triglyceride concentrations in chow, high-fat high-sucrose (HFHS), and HFHS+fish oil (FO) diet fed rats. Values are mean±SE for 6-9 rats per group. *P<0.05 vs. chow diet fed group; †P<0.01 vs. chow diet fed group; ‡P<0.05 vs. HFHS diet fed group; §P<0.01 vs. HFHS diet fed group.

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