J Korean Orthop Assoc.  2022 Dec;57(6):447-456. 10.4055/jkoa.2022.57.6.447.

Biomaterials and Futures for Bone Regeneration

• Park HY
• Kim SI
• Kim YH

• KMID: 2537057
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.4055/jkoa.2022.57.6.447

Abstract

Bone regeneration of bone defects caused by trauma, infection, tumors, or genetic disorders is a clinical challenge that usually necessitates bone-grafting materials. Autologous bone grafts are still considered the clinical “gold standard” and the most effective for bone regeneration. On the other hand, autografts have limitations, including limited graft supply, secondary injury, chronic pain, and infection. The development of biomaterials could provide environments to facilitate bone regeneration. By combining scaffolds, stem cells, and growth factors, biomaterials play a successful role as biological substitutes to restore the functions of injured bone. On the other hand, some unsolved problems remain. The development of biomaterials through artificial intelligence and personalized medicine, such as patient-derived stem cells and three-dimensional printing techniques, could be alternatives in the future. This review summarizes the latest research and futures in biomaterials for clinical applications.

Keyword

bone regeneration; biocompatible materials; tissue engineering