Intest Res.  2019 Oct;17(4):463-475. 10.5217/ir.2019.00078.

Nutritional approach as therapeutic manipulation in inflammatory bowel disease

• Yoon JY

• KMID: 2465812
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5217/ir.2019.00078

Abstract

Malnutrition is observed more frequently in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) than in the general population and associated with adverse clinical outcomes. This study aimed to review the current knowledge regarding the efficacy of dietary and nutritional intervention in IBD patients. Exclusive enteral nutrition might be inferior to corticosteroid treatment in adults with active Crohn's disease (CD) but might even be superior considering the adverse effects of corticosteroid treatment in children. Total parenteral nutrition has no advantage over enteral nutrition, which is considered a more physiologic modality in organ function. Current guidelines do not yet recommend ω3-polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation for the prevention and maintenance of remission in IBD patients. Dietary fiber supplementation could be effective in the relief of symptoms and maintenance of remission in ulcerative colitis (UC). Although vitamin D may be favorable to clinical course of IBD and bone density. Probiotic supplementation has proven to be effective in preventing and treating pouchitis for UC but is less effective in treating CD. Nutritional interventions not only correct nutritional deficiencies but also improve symptoms and clinical courses of the disease. Hence, nutritional approaches need to be developed to significantly evaluate the effectiveness of dietary interventions used to treat IBD.

Keyword

Nutrition; Crohn disease; Colitis, ulcerative; Inflammatory bowel disease

MeSH Terms

Adult
Bone Density
Child
Colitis, Ulcerative
Crohn Disease
Dietary Fiber
Enteral Nutrition
Humans
Inflammatory Bowel Diseases*
Malnutrition
Parenteral Nutrition, Total
Pouchitis
Probiotics
Vitamin D
Vitamin D

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