Genomics Inform.  2018 Dec;16(4):e18. 10.5808/GI.2018.16.4.e18.

Roles of Oncogenic Long Non-coding RNAs in Cancer Development

• Do H
• Kim W

• KMID: 2439208
• DOI: http://doi.org/10.5808/GI.2018.16.4.e18

Abstract

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are classified as RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides and cannot be translated into protein. Several studies have demonstrated that lncRNAs are directly or indirectly involved in a variety of biological processes and in the regulation of gene expression. In addition, lncRNAs have important roles in many diseases including cancer. It has been shown that abnormal expression of lncRNAs is observed in several human solid tumors. Several studies have shown that many lncRNAs can function as oncogenes in cancer development through the induction of cell cycle progression, cell proliferation and invasion, anti-apoptosis, and metastasis. Oncogenic lncRNAs have the potential to become promising biomarkers and might be potent prognostic targets in cancer therapy. However, the biological and molecular mechanisms of lncRNA involvement in tumorigenesis have not yet been fully elucidated. This review summarizes studies on the regulatory and functional roles of oncogenic lncRNAs in the development and progression of various types of cancer.

Keyword

breast cancer; colorectal cancer; glioblastoma; long non-coding RNA; non-small cell lung cancer; oncogenes

MeSH Terms

Biological Processes
Biomarkers
Breast Neoplasms
Carcinogenesis
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
Cell Cycle
Cell Proliferation
Colorectal Neoplasms
Gene Expression Regulation
Glioblastoma
Humans
Neoplasm Metastasis
Nucleotides
Oncogenes
RNA
RNA, Long Noncoding*
Biomarkers
Nucleotides
RNA
RNA, Long Noncoding